Dental remains of fossil elephants from Turkey
Dental remains of fossil elephants from Turkey
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来自土耳其的化石大象的牙齿遗骸
DOI：
10.1016/j.quaint.2011.05.042
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Albayrak E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Albayrak E
土耳其位于非洲、亚洲和欧洲的十字路口，在象科动物等哺乳动物的迁徙中占据重要位置。尽管如此，目前还没有对土耳其大象化石进行详细研究。在这项研究中，对来自五个地方的大象遗骸进行了检查。鉴定出了Mammuthus dagonalis、Mammuthus trogontherii、Elephas maximus和可能的Palaeoloxodon antiquus。与上瓦尔达诺河的典型古龙蜥相比，尤卡里索苏图努河的古龙蜥遗骸具有一些原始特征，这与当地的年龄相一致。从Suluova和Dursunlu中鉴定出trogontherii。大多数来自Dursunlu的猛犸遗骸具有典型的trogontherii特征，但有些具有“原始”特征，使人联想到猛犸象。大菱鲆是从加武尔湖沼泽中发现的，但这些遗骸是当地人从农业区收集的，因此没有关于它们确切位置的信息。然而，新的放射性碳年代测定表明，在大约3500年前，亚洲象的活动范围向西延伸到土耳其东南部。大菱象遗骸在外观和度量方面与现代亚洲象非常相似，但有些标本显示出意想不到的特征，可能表明一个独特的现已灭绝的种群。虽然E. maximus的遗骸包括孤立的牙齿，头骨，下颌骨和后颅骨，但这项研究只关注牙齿。
Turkey is at the crossroads of Africa, Asia and Europe, and occupies an important position for the migration of mammals such as elephantids. Nonetheless, there has been no detailed study of fossil elephants from Turkey. In this study, elephant remains from five localities were examined. Mammuthus meridionalis, Mammuthus trogontherii, Elephas maximus and probably Palaeoloxodon antiquus were identified. M. meridionalis remains from Yukarısöğütönü have some primitive features compared to typical meridionalis of the Upper Valdarno, which is consistent with the age of the locality. M. trogontherii was identified from Suluova and Dursunlu. Most of the mammoth remains from Dursunlu have features of typical trogontherii, but some have ‘primitive’ features evoking meridionalis. E. maximus was identified from Gavur Lake Swamp, but these remains were collected from agricultural areas by local people so there is no information about their exact location. However, new radiocarbon dates indicate that at approximately 3500 BP, the range of Asian elephant extended as far west as south-east Turkey. The E. maximus remains are mostly similar to recent Asian elephant in appearance and metrics, but some specimens show unexpected characters that might signal a distinct, now extinct population. Although remains of E. maximus include isolated teeth, skulls, mandibles and post-cranial bones, this study focused on only teeth.