Delimitation of the Earliness per se D1 (Eps-D1) flowering gene to a subtelomeric chromosomal deletion in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum).
Delimitation of the Earliness per se D1 (Eps-D1) flowering gene to a subtelomeric chromosomal deletion in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum).
复制标题
在面包小麦（Triticum aestivum）中，将初级界限的界定本质上（EPS-D1）开花基因的界定为亚端染色体缺失。
DOI：
10.1093/jxb/erv458
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发表时间：
2016-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Griffiths S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zikhali M;Wingen LU;Griffiths S
到目前为止，克隆的主要开花时间基因调控光周期和春化反应。我们发现了一个包含调控早熟性的基因本身的缺失，该基因可以微调六倍体小麦的开花。早熟性本身(EPS)基因解释了春化和光周期要求满足时开花时间的变化。用基因组学和生物信息学的方法描述了40个普通小麦基因的等位基因变异，通过与Brachypodium disachachyon的同源关系，预测这些基因位于1dl EPS区。对1d1基因的重新测序表明，在该座位上携带早穗等位基因的品种Spark和Cadenza携带有包括几个基因在内的亚端粒缺失。里亚尔托和阿瓦隆的同等区域完好无损。分离的Spark X Rialto单粒后代(SSD)群体中的双峰分布使得1dl QTL被定义为一个离散的孟德尔因子，我们将其命名为EPS-D1。近等基因系(NIL)和近等基因系衍生的关键重组体位于Eps-D1两侧的标记之间，表明1d1缺失包含EPS-D1下的基因(S)。该缺失等同于小麦EPS-A m1基因座，因此包括转录调节因子1(MOT1)和FtsH蛋白酶4(FTSH4)，它们是EPS-A m1的候选基因。该缺失还包括小麦早花3-D 1(TaELF3-D 1)，它是拟南芥早花3号生物钟基因的同源基因。与野生型相比，携带EPS-D1缺失的近等位基因显著降低了总TaELF3的表达，改变了TaGIGANTEA(TAGI)的表达。改变的TAGI表达与ELF3突变体一致，因此我们建议TaELF3-D1更有可能是EPS-D1的候选基因。这是首次对面包小麦的EPS效应进行直接精细定位。
The major flowering time genes cloned to date regulate photoperiod and vernalization response. We identified a deletion containing genes regulating earliness per se, which fine tune flowering in hexaploid wheat. Earliness per se (Eps) genes account for the variation in flowering time when vernalization and photoperiod requirements are satisfied. Genomics and bioinformatics approaches were used to describe allelic variation for 40 Triticum aestivum genes predicted, by synteny with Brachypodium distachyon, to be in the 1DL Eps region. Re-sequencing 1DL genes revealed that varieties carrying early heading alleles at this locus, Spark and Cadenza, carry a subtelomeric deletion including several genes. The equivalent region in Rialto and Avalon is intact. A bimodal distribution in the segregating Spark X Rialto single seed descent (SSD) populations enabled the 1DL QTL to be defined as a discrete Mendelian factor, which we named Eps-D1. Near isogenic lines (NILs) and NIL derived key recombinants between markers flanking Eps-D1 suggest that the 1DL deletion contains the gene(s) underlying Eps-D1. The deletion spans the equivalent of the Triticum monoccocum Eps-A m 1 locus, and hence includes MODIFIER OF TRANSCRIPTION 1 (MOT1) and FTSH PROTEASE 4 (FTSH4), the candidates for Eps-A m 1. The deletion also contains T. aestivum EARLY FLOWERING 3-D1 (TaELF3-D1) a homologue of the Arabidopsis thaliana circadian clock gene EARLY FLOWERING 3. Eps-D1 is possibly a homologue of Eps-B1 on chromosome 1BL. NILs carrying the Eps-D1 deletion have significantly reduced total TaELF3 expression and altered TaGIGANTEA (TaGI) expression compared with wild type. Altered TaGI expression is consistent with an ELF3 mutant, hence we propose TaELF3-D1 as the more likely candidate for Eps-D1. This is the first direct fine mapping of Eps effect in bread wheat.