Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco Working Paper Series Happiness, Unhappiness, and Suicide: an Empirical Assessment Happiness, Unhappiness, and Suicide: an Empirical Assessment
Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco Working Paper Series Happiness, Unhappiness, and Suicide: an Empirical Assessment Happiness, Unhappiness, and Suicide: an Empirical Assessment
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旧金山联邦储备银行工作论文系列 幸福、不幸福和自杀：实证评估 幸福、不幸福和自杀：实证评估
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Happiness
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作者：
M. Daly;Daniel J. Wilson;Happiness
本文中的观点仅由作者负责，不应被解释为反映旧金山联邦储备银行或联邦储备系统理事会的观点。近年来，使用主观幸福感（SWB）数据来调查个人偏好的性质已经大大增加。关于这些数据中发现的横截面和时间序列模式，特别是关于SWB与相对地位之间的关系，存在很多争论。这场争论的一部分是关于SWB数据如何衡量真正的效用或偏好。在最近的一篇论文中，Daly， Wilson和Johnson（2007）建议使用自杀数据作为幸福感的显示偏好（基于结果）衡量标准，并发现强有力的证据表明参照组收入对自杀风险有负面影响。在本文中，我们比较和对比了主观幸福感和自杀数据的经验模式。我们发现两者在汇总数据（时间序列和横截面）中几乎没有共同点，但在个人水平的多变量回归中，它们的决定因素具有惊人的强关系。后一个结果交叉验证了自杀和SWB微观数据作为潜在效用的有用和互补指标。
The views in this paper are solely the responsibility of the authors and should not be interpreted as reflecting the views of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco or the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Abstract The use of subjective well-being (SWB) data for investigating the nature of individual preferences has increased tremendously in recent years. There has been much debate about the cross-sectional and time-series patterns found in these data, particularly with respect to the relationship between SWB and relative status. Part of this debate concerns how well SWB data measures true utility or preferences. In a recent paper, Daly, Wilson, and Johnson (2007) propose using data on suicide as a revealed preference (outcome-based) measure of well-being and find strong evidence that reference-group income negatively affects suicide risk. In this paper, we compare and contrast the empirical patterns of SWB and suicide data. We find that the two have very little in common in aggregate data (time series and cross-sectional), but have a strikingly strong relationship in terms of their determinants in individual-level, multivariate regressions. This latter result cross-validates suicide and SWB micro data as useful and complementary indicators of latent utility.