Leader-Following Formation Tracking Control of Mobile Robots Without Direct Position Measurements

Leader-Following Formation Tracking Control of Mobile Robots Without Direct Position Measurements
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无需直接位置测量的移动机器人的先导编队跟踪控制

DOI:
10.1109/tac.2016.2547872
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发表时间:
2016-03
影响因子:
6.8
通讯作者:
Liu Tao
Liu Tao
中科院分区:
计算机科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Liang Xinwu;Liu Yun-Hui;Wang Hesheng;Chen Weidong;Xing Kexin;Liu Tao

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现有的编队控制方法大多假设机器人的全局或局部位置的精确测量是直接可得的,没有给出如何获得这些测量的细节,或者只提供了卡尔曼滤波型估值器来获得它们,而没有考虑估计对闭环系统稳定性的影响。因此,开发具有位置估计器的编队控制器以保证闭环系统的整体稳定性变得非常必要。提出了一种新的非完整移动机器人队形跟踪控制器,该控制器不需要直接测量位置。针对缺乏精确位置测量的情况,利用透视相机、里程计、姿态和航向参考系(AHRS)传感器的反馈信息来设计观测器,以在线估计跟随者相对于领导者的相对位置。通过Lyapunov稳定性分析,证明了组合观测器-控制器闭环系统是稳定的,且编队跟踪误差和相对位置估计误差均渐近收敛到零。实验结果表明了该方案的有效性。
Most existing formation control approaches assume that accurate global or local position measurements of the robots are directly available, without giving details about how to obtain these measurements, or only providing Kalman filter-type estimators to get them without considering effects of the estimation on the closed-loop system stability. Hence, developing formation controllers with position estimators that can guarantee overall closed-loop system stability becomes highly desirable. This technical note presents a new formation tracking controller for the nonholonomic mobile robots without using direct position measurements. To deal with the absence of accurate position measurements, feedback information from a perspective camera, the odometry and Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS) sensors is used to design an observer to provide online estimates of the relative position of the follower with respect to the leader. Using Lyapunov stability analysis, we show that the combined observer-controller closed-loop system is stable, and both the formation tracking errors and the relative position estimation errors asymptotically converge to zero. The performance of the proposed scheme is illustrated through experimental results.
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