Long‐term geomagnetically induced current observations in New Zealand: Earth return corrections and geomagnetic field driver
Long‐term geomagnetically induced current observations in New Zealand: Earth return corrections and geomagnetic field driver
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新西兰的长期地磁感应电流观测：地球返回修正和地磁场驱动器
DOI：
10.1002/2017sw001635
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
T. Divett
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. H. Mac Manus;C. Rodger;M. Dalzell;A. Thomson;M. Clilverd;T. Petersen;Moritz M. Wolf;N. Thomson;T. Divett
Transpower New Zealand Limited已在南岛多个地点测量了新西兰电网中Transformer中性点的直流电流。自2001年以来，几乎连续的存档直流电流数据存在，从12个不同的变电站开始，从2009年扩展到包括17个变电站。从2001年到2015年，多达58台变压器同时受到监测。首先，这些测量旨在监测连接北岛和南岛的高压直流系统在“地球返回”模式下运行时的影响。然而，如本文所述，在对地球返回操作进行校正后，新西兰的测量提供了一组异常长且空间详细的地磁感应电流（GIC）测量。我们研究了2001年11月6日和2013年10月2日两次大磁暴期间观测到的GIC峰值。根据测量位置的不同，可观察到约30-50 A的电流。在相对较小的距离上，GIC观测值存在较大的空间变化，这可能取决于网络布局和地面电导率。然后，我们继续研究GIC在整个南岛的变压器在超过151小时的磁暴条件。我们将GIC与磁场的各种幅度和变化率分量进行比较。我们的结果表明，GIC的大小与水平磁场（H '）的变化率之间存在很强的相关性。对于在磁暴期间显示出大GIC电流的变压器，这种相关性特别明显。
Transpower New Zealand Limited has measured DC currents in transformer neutrals in the New Zealand electrical network at multiple South Island locations. Near‐continuous archived DC current data exist since 2001, starting with 12 different substations and expanding from 2009 to include 17 substations. From 2001 to 2015 up to 58 individual transformers were simultaneously monitored. Primarily, the measurements were intended to monitor the impact of the high‐voltage DC system linking the North and South Islands when it is operating in “Earth return” mode. However, after correcting for Earth return operation, as described here, the New Zealand measurements provide an unusually long and spatially detailed set of geomagnetically induced current (GIC) measurements. We examine the peak GIC magnitudes observed from these observations during two large geomagnetic storms on 6 November 2001 and 2 October 2013. Currents of ~30–50 A are observed, depending on the measurement location. There are large spatial variations in the GIC observations over comparatively small distances, which likely depend upon network layout and ground conductivity. We then go on to examine the GIC in transformers throughout the South Island during more than 151 h of geomagnetic storm conditions. We compare the GIC to the various magnitude and rate of change components of the magnetic field. Our results show that there is a strong correlation between the magnitude of the GIC and the rate of change of the horizontal magnetic field (H′). This correlation is particularly clear for transformers that show large GIC current during magnetic storms.
DOI：
10.1002/2016sw001534
发表时间：
2016-11
期刊：
Space Weather
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. Blake;P. Gallagher;J. McCauley;A. Jones;C. Hogg;J. Campanyà;C. Beggan;A. Thomson;G. Kelly;David Bell
通讯作者：
S. Blake;P. Gallagher;J. McCauley;A. Jones;C. Hogg;J. Campanyà;C. Beggan;A. Thomson;G. Kelly;David Bell