Maternal nutritional status may be stressed by seasonal fluctuations in food availability: evidence from rural women in Kenya.
Maternal nutritional status may be stressed by seasonal fluctuations in food availability: evidence from rural women in Kenya.
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产妇营养状况可能会因粮食供应的季节性波动而受到压力：来自肯尼亚农村妇女的证据。
DOI：
10.3109/09637489509012556
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发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
J. Hautvast
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Kigutha;W. V. van Staveren;T. Wijnhoven;J. Hautvast
1992 - 1993年农业周期的15个月期间，对肯尼亚纳库鲁地区小农户家庭中24名哺乳期妇女进行了调查，研究家庭食物供应的季节性变化对其膳食摄入和营养状况的影响。每月测量膳食摄入量和体重。钙、维生素A、维生素C、核黄素和烟酸的摄入量分别存在显著的季节性差异（P < 0.01），蛋白质、铁和硫胺素的摄入量也存在显著差异（P < 0.05），但能量和脂肪摄入量无显著差异。在基线测量值和食物匮乏月份高峰之间观察到季节性体重大幅下降，下降了5.6千克（约9%），下降速率为每月1.1千克，此时能量摄入量为36.7千卡/千克/天，蛋白质摄入量为1.1克/千克/天。在1月和2月的收获月份，约50%的体重下降量（2.8千克）得到恢复，此时能量摄入量提高到41.0千卡/千克/天，蛋白质摄入量提高到1.2克/千克/天。然而，在3月至6月的收获后紧接着的几个月里，体重又下降了1.6千克，即每月下降0.5千克。虽然体重下降可能很大程度上是由于食物短缺期间能量摄入减少，但部分体重下降可能是由于哺乳导致能量需求增加以及体力活动增加。建议进一步开展调查。
The effect of seasonal changes in household food availability on the dietary intakes and the nutritional status of 24 lactating women from smallholder rural households in Nakuru district Kenya, were investigated over a 15-month period in 1992/93 agricultural cycle. Dietary intakes and body weights were measured on monthly basis. Significant seasonal differences were found in intakes of calcium, vitamin A, vitamin C, riboflavin, and niacin respectively (P < 0.01), as well as in the intake of protein, iron, and thiamin (P < 0.05), but not with energy and fat intake. Large interseasonal weight losses of 5.6 kg (about 9%) at the rate of 1.1 kg/month, were observed between baseline measurements and the peak of the lean months when the energy intakes were 36.7 kcal/kg/day and protein at 1.1 g/kg/day. About 50% of the lost weight (2.8 kg) were recovered during the harvest months of January and February, when energy intakes improved to 41.0 kcal/kg/day, and protein to 1.2 g/kg/day. However, further weight losses of 1.6 kg or 0.5 kg/month occurred in the immediate postharvest months between March and June. While much of the weight loss may have been due to reduced energy intake during periods of food scarcity, part of the lost weight may have been due to increased energy requirement as a result of lactation and to increased physical activities. Further investigations are recommended.