Prism adaptation during walking generalizes to reaching and requires the cerebellum
Prism adaptation during walking generalizes to reaching and requires the cerebellum
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.00129.2004
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发表时间：
2004-10-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Bastian, AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morton, SM;Bastian, AJ
手臂运动对侧向位移棱镜眼镜的适应通常对身体部位和运动类型高度特异，并且已知需要小脑。在这里，我们表明，棱镜适应步行轨迹概括达到（一个不同的行为，涉及不同的身体部位），这种适应需要小脑。在实验1中，健康的控制对象适应棱镜在达到或步行，并进行了测试，以推广到其他运动类型。我们记录了手指端点位置和行走方向的横向偏差，以测量负后效和泛化。结果表明，棱镜适应的泛化是不对称的：步行广泛推广到达到，但达到不推广到步行。在实验2中，我们比较了小脑受试者与健康对照组在棱镜步行适应的性能。我们测量了适应率、后效和泛化率。小脑受试者的适应程度降低，适应速度减慢，负后效减少，概括性差。基于这些实验，我们提出，棱镜适应在整个身体运动通过空间调用一个更一般的系统视觉重新映射，涉及重新校准高阶，效应器独立的大脑区域。与此相反，棱镜适应孤立运动的四肢可能是重新校准效应器特定的机制。小脑是这两种棱镜适应网络的重要组成部分。
Adaptation of arm movements to laterally displacing prism glasses is usually highly specific to body part and movement type and is known to require the cerebellum. Here, we show that prism adaptation of walking trajectory generalizes to reaching ( a different behavior involving a different body part) and that this adaptation requires the cerebellum. In experiment 1, healthy control subjects adapted to prisms during either reaching or walking and were tested for generalization to the other movement type. We recorded lateral deviations in finger endpoint position and walking direction to measure negative aftereffects and generalization. Results showed that generalization of prism adaptation is asymmetric: walking generalizes extensively to reaching, but reaching does not generalize to walking. In experiment 2, we compared the performance of cerebellar subjects versus healthy controls during the prism walking adaptation. We measured rates of adaptation, aftereffects, and generalization. Cerebellar subjects had reduced adaptation magnitudes, slowed adaptation rates, decreased negative aftereffects, and poor generalization. Based on these experiments, we propose that prism adaptation during whole body movements through space invokes a more general system for visuomotor remapping, involving recalibration of higher-order, effector-independent brain regions. In contrast, prism adaptation during isolated movements of the limbs is probably recalibrated by effector-specific mechanisms. The cerebellum is an essential component in the network for both types of prism adaptation.