Is systems research addressing the current and future needs of dairy farms
Is systems research addressing the current and future needs of dairy farms
复制标题
系统研究是否能满足奶牛场当前和未来的需求
DOI：
10.1071/an16647
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
R. Rawnsley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pieter J. M. Raedts;S. Garcia;D. Chapman;G. Edwards;N. Lane;R. Rawnsley
在过去的十年中，澳大利亚和新西兰的奶农越来越多地受到牛奶价格波动、贸易条件下降、气候变化、监管变化以及消费者日益增长的需求的影响，以证明他们的“社会养殖许可证”。为了应对不同的挑战，我们看到澳大利亚和新西兰的奶牛场系统存在显著的多样性，这并不奇怪。尽管在组件和农场系统层面上进行了大量的研究工作来解决这些挑战，但过去5年来采用和奶牛养殖系统变化的证据并不确定。本综述探讨了农民和系统研究如何受到影响并做出回应，以及系统研究是否正在朝着适当的方向发展研究，积极研究具有弹性，盈利和可持续发展的奶牛养殖系统，尽管奶牛场正在经历的波动性增加。虽然澳大利亚和新西兰的许多农场系统研究已经解决了与提高生产力和盈利能力相关的挑战，以及气候变化和改善环境结果等已知挑战，但需要预见乳制品系统的未来风险，挑战和机遇。同样重要的是，系统研究人员探索替代方法，如与已知的系统专家，奶农合作，在一个参与性的环境中，以提高知识转移和采用积极的研究成果的速度。
During the past decade, Australian and New Zealand dairy farmers have been increasingly exposed to volatility in milk prices, declining terms of trade, climate variability, changing regulation, and increasing consumer demand to demonstrate their 'social licence to farm'. In response to the varying challenges, it is not surprising that we see significant diversity in dairy-farm systems in Australia and New Zealand. Despite much research effort to address these challenges at both the component and farm-system level, the evidence of adoption and dairy farming-system change over the past 5 years has been inconclusive. The present review explores how farmers and systems research have been affected and are responding, and whether systems research is developing research in the appropriate direction, proactively researching dairy-farming systems that are resilient, profitable and sustainable into the future, notwithstanding the increased volatility that dairy farms are experiencing. While much farm systems research in Australia and New Zealand has addressed the challenges associated with improving productivity and profitability, and the known challenges such as climate variability and improving environmental outcomes, there is need to fore-sight future risk, challenges and opportunities for dairy systems. It is also important that the system researchers explore alternative approaches such as working collaboratively with the known system experts, the dairy farmer, in a participatory environment to increase rate of knowledge transfer and adoption of positive research outcome.