Innovation in metabolomics to improve personalized healthcare.
Innovation in metabolomics to improve personalized healthcare.
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DOI：
10.1111/nyas.12775
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发表时间：
2015-06
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Loda M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cacciatore S;Loda M
代谢组学是对所有小分子（代谢物）及其浓度受病理和生理变化或环境或其他因素影响的系统研究。代谢改变代表了基因表达、酶活性和代谢反应之间复杂相互作用的“窗口”。核磁共振光谱、质谱、傅里叶变换红外和拉曼光谱等技术已导致代谢组学取得重大进展。该领域正在从可行性研究转向生物学和临床应用。应用领域涵盖从癌症生物学到干细胞研究以及组织和单细胞中的异生物质和药物的评估。跨高通量平台的交叉验证使得表达谱的发现能够通过代谢组学得到证实。特定的基因改变似乎驱动独特的代谢程序。反过来，这些可以用作前列腺癌遗传亚型的生物标志物，或作为代谢酶治疗靶向的发现工具。因此，血液中的代谢物可以作为肿瘤状态的生物标志物，包括推断驱动癌基因。诸如此类的新颖应用表明，代谢分析可用于完善个性化医疗。
Metabolomics is the systemic study of all small molecules (metabolites) and their concentration as affected by pathological and physiological alterations or environmental or other factors. Metabolic alterations represent a “window” on the complex interactions between genetic expression, enzyme activity, and metabolic reactions. Techniques, including nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, Fourier-transform infrared, and Raman spectroscopy, have led to significant advances in metabolomics. The field is shifting from feasibility studies to biological and clinical applications. Fields of application range from cancer biology to stem cell research and assessment of xenobiotics and drugs in tissues and single cells. Cross-validation across high-throughput platforms has allowed findings from expression profiling to be confirmed with metabolomics. Specific genetic alterations appear to drive unique metabolic programs. These, in turn, can be used as biomarkers of genetic subtypes of prostate cancer or as discovery tools for therapeutic targeting of metabolic enzymes. Thus, metabolites in blood may serve as biomarkers of tumor state, including inferring driving oncogenes. Novel applications such as these suggest that metabolic profiling may be utilized in refining personalized medicine.