Structural Symmetry in Membrane Proteins.

Structural Symmetry in Membrane Proteins.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-biophys-051013-023008
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
12.4
通讯作者:
Forrest LR
Forrest LR
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Forrest LR

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对称性是包括蛋白质结构在内的自然系统的共同特征。对于水溶性蛋白质,对称结构的强烈倾向早已被认识到,并从进化的角度进行了合理化。然而,居住在细胞膜中的蛋白质传统上不太适合结构研究,因此对称性在这类重要分子中的普遍性和重要性还没有得到很好的理解。在过去的二十年里,在这一领域取得了巨大的进步,提供了令人兴奋的见解膜蛋白所采用的架构范围。这些结构研究揭示了类似的强烈倾向于对称安排,往往是意想不到的,尽管膜环境的限制强加给可能的对称群。此外,膜蛋白不成比例地含有由较小片段的复制和融合引起的内部结构重复。在这里,类型和起源的对称性膜蛋白进行了讨论,沿着与其功能的影响。
Symmetry is a common feature among natural systems, including protein structures. A strong propensity towards symmetric architectures has long been recognized for water-soluble proteins, and rationalized from an evolutionary standpoint. Proteins residing in cellular membranes, however, have traditionally been less amenable to structural studies, and thus the prevalence and significance of symmetry in this important class of molecules is not as well understood. In the past two decades great strides have been made in this area, providing exciting insights into the range of architectures adopted by membrane proteins. These structural studies have revealed a similarly strong bias toward symmetric arrangements, often unexpected, despite the restrictions imposed by the membrane environment on the possible symmetry groups. Moreover, membrane proteins disproportionately contain internal structural repeats resulting from duplication and fusion of smaller segments. Here, the types and origins of symmetry in membrane proteins are discussed, along with the implications for their function.
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