Specialized hepatocyte-like cells regulate Drosophila lipid metabolism
Specialized hepatocyte-like cells regulate Drosophila lipid metabolism
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DOI：
10.1038/nature05382
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发表时间：
2007-01-18
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Gould, Alex P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gutierrez, Eugenio;Wiggins, David;Gould, Alex P.
脂质代谢对生长至关重要，并在饥饿期间产生所需的大部分能量。在果蝇中，禁食的幼虫从脂肪体中释放大量的脂质，但目前还不清楚这是如何以及在哪里处理的。在这里，我们确定了卵母细胞作为主要的细胞类型积累脂肪滴在饥饿期间。Slimfast氨基酸通道、Lsd 2脂肪储存调节剂和Brummer脂肪酶的组织特异性操作表明，卵母细胞在脂肪体下游起作用。反过来，在禁食期间，需要卵母细胞从脂肪体中消耗储存的脂质。因此，脂肪体和卵母细胞之间的脂质代谢偶联是双向的。当食物充足时，卵母细胞在调节生长、发育和摄食行为中起着关键作用。此外，它们特异性表达许多不同的脂质代谢蛋白，包括Cyp 4g 1，一种调节三酰甘油组成的ω-羟化酶。这些发现提供了证据，哺乳动物肝脏的一些脂质加工功能在昆虫中由卵母细胞执行。
Lipid metabolism is essential for growth and generates much of the energy needed during periods of starvation. In Drosophila, fasting larvae release large quantities of lipid from the fat body but it is unclear how and where this is processed. Here we identify the oenocyte as the principal cell type accumulating lipid droplets during starvation. Tissue-specific manipulations of the Slimfast amino-acid channel, the Lsd2 fat-storage regulator and the Brummer lipase indicate that oenocytes act downstream of the fat body. In turn, oenocytes are required for depleting stored lipid from the fat body during fasting. Hence, lipid-metabolic coupling between the fat body and oenocytes is bidirectional. When food is plentiful, oenocytes have critical roles in regulating growth, development and feeding behaviour. In addition, they specifically express many different lipid-metabolizing proteins, including Cyp4g1, an omega-hydroxylase regulating triacylglycerol composition. These findings provide evidence that some lipid-processing functions of the mammalian liver are performed in insects by oenocytes.