Pyrolisis-MS and FT-IR analysis of fresh and decomposed dairy manure
Pyrolisis-MS and FT-IR analysis of fresh and decomposed dairy manure
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.jaap.2005.06.009
复制
发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Reeves, JB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calderón, FJ;McCarty, GW;Reeves, JB
预测肥料氮矿化的能力对于优化作物生长同时防止氮素流失到环境中至关重要。然而，估计可矿化肥料氮是有问题的，因为各种各样的有机肥料氮的形式，以及缺乏一个快速的标准化方法。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）是一种很有前途的技术，因为它可以检测蛋白质和伯胺的吸光度，此外还具有瞬时性和非破坏性。同样，分析热解质谱（PyGC/MS）已被用于研究牧草的木质素和蛋白质组成。我们进行了为期10周的实验室培养的粪肥修正的土壤，以测试的灵敏度FT-IR和Py-GC/MS检测粪肥在土壤中分解过程中的变化。包括四种不同的奶牛或牛粪。在土壤培养期间，将粪便（0.15 mg粪便-N g（-1）土壤）放入网袋中，以便回收和分析新鲜和分解的粪便。红外光谱的新鲜和培养的粪便表明，这项技术是敏感的有机氮土壤施用后的变化。与伯胺相关的带在孵化过程中减少，而与蛋白质相关的带在粪肥分解过程中增加。与脂肪酸相关的条带在孵育过程中趋于减少，可能是由于利用C源。光谱数据还表明，木质素特定的信号增加粪肥分解过程中，这表明，在粪肥中的木质素的相对量增加，因为它在土壤中分解。热解产物峰面积的变化与堆肥分解过程中各组分的变化有关。Py-GC/MS数据显示堆肥木质素在分解过程中发生了质的变化。苯乙腈和甲基吲哚等含氮热解物的相对含量在分解过程中发生变化，但不同肥料的变化并不一致。总之，本实验表明，使用粪肥袋是有价值的区分肥料和土壤的N循环动力学，红外光谱，以及Py-GC/MS显示潜在的分析工具，研究粪肥在土壤中的分解。(c)2005 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
The ability to predict manure nitrogen mineralization is essential for optimizing crop growth while preventing N losses to the environment. However, estimating mineralizable manure N is problematic because of the wide variety of organic manure N forms, as well as the lack of a rapid standardized method. Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) is a promising technology, since it can detect the absorbance of proteins and primary amines, in addition to being instantaneous and non-destructive. Likewise, analytical pyrolysis-mass spectrometry (PyGC/MS) has been used to study lignin and protein composition of forages. We carried out a 10-week laboratory incubation of manure-amended soil in order to test the sensitivity of FT-IR and Py-GC/MS to detect changes in manure during decomposition in soil. Four different dairy or beef manures were included. The manures (0.15 mg manure-N g(-1) soil) were placed inside mesh bags during the soil incubation to allow for the recovery and analysis of fresh as well as decomposed manure. Infrared spectroscopy of the fresh and incubated manures showed that this technique is sensitive to changes in manure organic N after soil application. Bands associated with primary amines decreased during the incubation, while bands associated with proteins increased during manure decomposition. Bands associated with fatty acids tended to decrease during the incubation, possibly due to utilization as C sources. The spectroscopic data also showed that lignin-specific signals increase during manure decomposition, suggesting that the relative amount of lignin in manure increases as it decomposes in soil. The changes in peak areas of pyrolyzates were related to changes in manure constituents during decomposition. The Py-GC/MS data showed qualitative changes in manure lignin during decomposition. The relative amounts of nitrogen containing pyrolyzates, such as phenylacetonitrile and methylindole, changed during the decomposition, but the changes were not consistent across manures. In summary, this experiment showed that the use of manure bags is valuable in discerning between the N cycling dynamics of manure and soil, and that infrared spectroscopy, as well as Py-GC/MS show potential as analytical tools to study manure decomposition in soil. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.