Screening wheat for boron efficiency
Screening wheat for boron efficiency
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筛选小麦以提高硼效率
DOI：
10.1007/978-94-011-5564-9_19
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Rerkasem
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Anantawiroon;K. Subedi;B. Rerkasem
缺硼导致小麦（Triticum aestivum）结实失败，但硼（B）效率的基因型差异很大。本文介绍了如何评价小麦基因型的B效率。在泰国的砂培中以及在尼泊尔和泰国的田间中筛选了两组基因型。一组基因型，被鉴定为硼筛选苗圃1992/93（BSN 92/93），包括32个基因型加上B低效栽培品种SW 41和更高效的索诺拉64中的每一个的7个重复作为对照。另一组为泰国观察苗圃1995/96（TON 95/96），包括对照品种索诺拉64、Insee 1和高效芳60的56个基因型和各8个重复。BSN 92/93和TON 95/96均在沙培养中进行评价，其中向营养液中加入两种水平的B，0和1μM（BO和B+）。BSN 92/93也生长在尼泊尔田间的低B土壤（热水可溶，HWS，B为0.1 mg kg-1）上。在泰国的桑迪壤土上对TON 95/96进行了田间评价，其中B为0.1和0.2 mg HWSB kg-1（BL和BH）。用结实指数（GSI）测定基因型对B的反应。一个广泛的B效率之间的基因型在两个苗圃。在BO中的GSI和BO中的GSI之间发现了几乎1：1的关系，表示为B+中GSI的%，并且在BL中的GSI和BL中的GSI之间也发现了类似的关系，表示为BH中GSI的%，具有田间生长的TON 95/96，R20.95-0.98（p <0.001）。在B 0砂培条件下，极低效基因型穗粒数少，而高效基因型穗粒数接近B充足条件。B缺乏对田间结实率的影响较小，但各组基因型的平均GSI与其在BO砂培中的GSI密切相关（R 20.82 -0.90）。建议通过包括B有效和B无效的检查，并使用GSI来测量植物反应，小麦基因型可以评估其B效率，而不需要任何B足够的控制。
Boron deficiency causes grain set failure in wheat (Triticum aestivum), but a wide range of genotypic variation in boron (B) efficiency has been identified. This paper shows how wheat genotypes may be evaluated for B efficiency. Two sets of genotypes were screened in sand culture in Thailand and in the field in Nepal and Thailand. One set of genotypes, identified as Boron Screening Nursery 1992/93 (BSN 92/93), included 32 genotypes plus seven replicates each of the B inefficient cultivar SW41, and the more efficient Sonora 64, as checks. The other set, Thailand Observation Nursery 1995/96 (TON 95/96), included 56 genotypes and 8 replicates each of check cultivars Sonora 64, Insee 1 and the highly efficient Fang 60. Both the BSN 92/93 and TON 95/96 were evaluated in sand culture with two levels of B added to the nutrient solution, 0 and 1μM(BO and B+). BSN 92/93 was also grown on a low B soil (hot water soluble, HWS, B at 0.1 mg kg-1) in the field in Nepal. Field evaluation of the TON 95/96 in Thailand was conducted on a sandy loam with two levels of B, 0.1 and 0.2 mg HWSB kg-1(BL and BH). The response of genotypes to B was measured with the Grain Set Index (GSI). A wide range of B efficiency was expressed among the genotypes in both nurseries. An almost 1:1 relationship was found between GSI in BO and GSI in BO expressed as % of the GSI in B+, and similarly between GSI in BL and GSI in BL expressed as % of GSI in BH with field grown TON 95/96, R20.95–0.98 (p <0.001). In sand culture with B0, the very inefficient genotypes set only a few grains per ear while grain set in efficient genotypes approached that in B sufficiency. The effect of B deficiency on grain set in the field was less severe, but the average GSI of genotypes in each group correlated closely (R20.82–0.90) with their GSI in BO sand culture. It is suggested that by including B efficient and B inefficient checks, and using GSI to measure plant response, wheat genotypes may be evaluated for their B efficiency without any need for a B sufficient control.