Global-scale regionalization of hydrologic model parameters
Global-scale regionalization of hydrologic model parameters
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DOI：
10.1002/2015wr018247/full
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发表时间：
2016-04
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Hylke;Van Dijk Albert I.j.m.;D. Arie;G. Diego;R. McvicarTim.;Schellekens Jaap;Bruijnzeel L. Adrian
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作者：
B. Hylke;Van Dijk Albert I.j.m.;D. Arie;G. Diego;R. McvicarTim.;Schellekens Jaap;Bruijnzeel L. Adrian
目前最先进的模型通常应用于大陆到全球尺度（以下称为宏观尺度），倾向于使用先验参数，导致次优径流（Q）模拟。第一次制定了全球范围的模式参数区域化计划。我们使用了来自1787个中小型流域（平方公里）的数据和简单的概念性HBV模型来建立和测试该方案。每个集水区都根据观测到的每日Q进行校准，之后选择了674个具有高校准和验证分数的集水区，因此可能是高质量的校准Q和强迫数据，作为供体集水区。随后将供体的校准参数集转移到具有相似气候和自然地理特征的0.5°网格单元中，从而产生具有全球覆盖范围的HBV参数图。对于每个网格单元，我们使用了10个最相似的供体集水区，而不是单个最相似的供体，并平均得到的模拟Q，这提高了模型的性能。1113集水区不作为捐助者被用来独立评估该计划。区域化的参数优于空间均匀的（即，平均校准）参数的79%的评价集水区。对于所有主要的柯本盖革气候类型，甚至对于距离捐助者> 5000公里的评价集水区，都有明显的实质性改善。中位数的改善是通过校准实现的性能提高的一半左右。具有区域化参数的HBV优于9个最先进的大尺度模型，表明这些模型也可能受益于新的区域化方案。生成的HBV参数图（包括辅助数据）可通过www.gloh2o.org获得。
Current state‐of‐the‐art models typically applied at continental to global scales (hereafter called macroscale) tend to use a priori parameters, resulting in suboptimal streamflow (Q) simulation. For the first time, a scheme for regionalization of model parameters at the global scale was developed. We used data from a diverse set of 1787 small‐to‐medium sized catchments ( km2) and the simple conceptual HBV model to set up and test the scheme. Each catchment was calibrated against observed dailyQ, after which 674 catchments with high calibration and validation scores, and thus presumably good‐quality observedQand forcing data, were selected to serve as donor catchments. The calibrated parameter sets for the donors were subsequently transferred to 0.5° grid cells with similar climatic and physiographic characteristics, resulting in parameter maps for HBV with global coverage. For each grid cell, we used the 10 most similar donor catchments, rather than the single most similar donor, and averaged the resulting simulatedQ, which enhanced model performance. The 1113 catchments not used as donors were used to independently evaluate the scheme. The regionalized parameters outperformed spatially uniform (i.e., averaged calibrated) parameters for 79% of the evaluation catchments. Substantial improvements were evident for all major Köppen‐Geiger climate types and even for evaluation catchments > 5000 km distant from the donors. The median improvement was about half of the performance increase achieved through calibration. HBV with regionalized parameters outperformed nine state‐of‐the‐art macroscale models, suggesting these might also benefit from the new regionalization scheme. The produced HBV parameter maps including ancillary data are available via www.gloh2o.org.