Unequal retinal and extra-retinal motion signals produce different perceived slants of moving surfaces
Unequal retinal and extra-retinal motion signals produce different perceived slants of moving surfaces
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DOI：
10.1016/s0042-6989(00)00045-6
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发表时间：
2000-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Fowler, TA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freeman, TCA;Fowler, TA
眼球运动将视网膜运动引入图像，从而影响深度的运动线索。例如，与观察者成直角运动的平面的倾斜度由平移和相对运动的分量（如剪切）来指定。近似地说，当眼睛用追逐眼运动精确地跟踪表面时，平移从图像中消失。然而，平移分量和相对运动分量都需要准确而明确地估计倾斜度。因此，在追踪过程中，观察者必须使用视网膜外平移估计来估计表面倾斜度。视网膜外和视网膜对翻译速度的估计是不同的：在我们的刺激中发现了一个经典的Aubert-Fleischl现象。追赶过程中感知速度的下降预示着当眼睛追踪物体表面时感知倾斜度的相应增加。通过使用倾斜匹配和倾斜估计技术比较追求和眼睛静止条件下的感知倾斜，证实了这一点。此外，可以仅根据感知速度数据来量化感知倾斜度的增加。我们没有发现证据表明相对运动估计在两种眼动条件下会发生变化。最后的实验表明，随着跟踪速度的增加，当固定的视网膜剪切被观看时，感知到的倾斜减少，正如模型所预测的那样。讨论了从基于运动的线索中恢复度量深度估计的结果的含义。(C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.版权所有。
Eye movements introduce retinal motion to the image and so affect motion cues to depth. For instance, the slant of a plane moving at right-angles to the observer is specified by translation and a component of relative motion such as shear. To a close approximation, the translation disappears from the image when the eye tracks the surface accurately with a pursuit eye movement. However, both translation and relative-motion components are needed to estimate slant accurately and unambiguously. During pursuit, therefore, an extra-retinal estimate of translation must be used by the observer to estimate surface slant. Extra-retinal and retinal estimates of translation speed are known to differ: a classic Aubert-Fleischl phenomenon was found for our stimuli. The decrease in perceived speed during pursuit predicts a corresponding increase in perceived slant when the eye tracks the surface. This was confirmed by comparing perceived slant in pursuit and eye-stationary conditions using slant-matching and slant-estimation techniques. Moreover, the increase in perceived slant could be quantified solely on the basis of the perceived-speed data. We found no evidence that relative-motion estimates change between the two eye-movement conditions. A final experiment showed that perceived slant decreases when a fixed retinal shear is viewed with increasing pursuit speed, as predicted by the model. The implication of the results for recovering metric depth estimates from motion-based cues is discussed. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.