Specificity of expression and effects of eicosanoid mediators in normal physiology and human diseases 1
Specificity of expression and effects of eicosanoid mediators in normal physiology and human diseases 1
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类二十烷酸介质在正常生理和人类疾病中的表达和作用的特异性1
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发表时间：
1995
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通讯作者：
W. Smith
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文献类型：
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作者：
E. Goetzl;S. An;W. Smith
类二十烷酸是一类含氧花生四烯酸衍生物，可有效介导多种生理和病理生理过程。最近对类花生酸的研究揭示了新的合成途径，相关的细胞膜受体家族，以及在细胞功能中的独特作用。有两种环氧合酶将花生四烯酸转化为血栓素和花生四烯酸，其中一种位于内质网中，另一种位于核膜中。环加氧酶对非甾体类药物抑制的敏感性不同。白三烯生成途径由胞质核周5-脂氧合酶、两种完整的核膜蛋白（称为5-脂氧合酶激活蛋白和LTC 4合酶）和胞质LTA 4水解酶组成。白三烯合成途径的每种蛋白质都是特定药理学干预的靶点。类花生酸的细胞识别和作用由至少12种不同的G蛋白相关初级受体介导，这些受体在组织分布、信号传导机制和细胞行为以及结合特异性方面不同。类花生酸组织浓度的短暂局部增加和互补受体的同时上调影响细胞在免疫和其他综合生理反应中的分化、迁移和特异性活性。Goetzl，E. J.，An，S.，史密斯，W。L.类花生酸介质在正常生理和人类疾病中表达和作用的特异性。FASEB J. 9，1051 - 1058（1995）
The eicosanoids are a family of oxygenated arachidonic acid derivatives that potently mediate diverse physiological and pathophysiological processes. Recent research on eicosanoids has revealed novel pathways of synthesis, a family of related cell membrane receptors, and distinctive roles in cellular functions∗ There are two cyclooxygenases that convert arachidonic acid to thromboxane and prostaglandins, one of which is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum and the other in the nuclear envelope. The cyclooxygenases differ in their susceptibility to inhibition by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. The leukotriene‐generating pathway consists of a cytosolic perinuclear 5‐lipoxygenase, two integral nuclear envelope proteins, termed 5‐lipoxygenase‐activating protein and LTC4 synthase, and a cytosolic LTA4 hydrolase. Each protein of the leukotriene synthetic pathway is a target for specific pharmacological intervention. Cellular recognition and effects of eicosanoids are mediated by at least 12 different G protein‐associated primary receptors, which differ in tissue distribution, signaling mechanisms, and cellular behavior, as well as binding specificity. Transient localized increases in tissue concentrations of eicosanoids and the concurrent up“ regulation of complementary receptors influence differentiation, migration, and specific activities of cells in immunity and other integrated physiological responses.—Goetzl, E. J., An, S., Smith, W. L. Specificity of expression and effects of eicosanoid mediators in normal physiology and human diseases. FASEB J. 9, 1051‐1058 (1995)