Prehistoric and historic overbank floods in the Luoyang Basin along the Luohe River, middle Yellow River basin, China
Prehistoric and historic overbank floods in the Luoyang Basin along the Luohe River, middle Yellow River basin, China
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黄河流域中游洛阳盆地洛河沿线史前和历史性漫溢洪水
DOI：
10.1016/j.quaint.2019.06.023
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Wang Ninglian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang Yuzhu;Huang Chun Chang;Tan Zhihai;Chen Yinglu;Qiu Haijun;Huang Chang;Li Yuqin;Zhang Yunxiang;Li Xiaogang;Shulmeister James;Patton Nicholas;Liu Lu;Zhu Yan;Wang Ninglian
对黄河中游洛阳流域沿洛河流域进行了古水文调查。在台雪村遗址南岸悬崖南岸全新世风成性黄土-土壤剖面中，发现了三个漫滩洪水沉积单元(OFD)。磁化率、粒度分布和地球化学元素分析结果表明，这些分选较好的漫滩堆积物是由洪水中的悬浮泥沙沉积而成。我们利用AMS14C和OSL测年技术，结合考古遗迹的已知年代，确定了两次史前罕见的泛滥事件，它们的年代分别为6000-5500年和4000-380年 yr BP。其中，4000-3800 年的漫滩事件可能对洛阳盆地洛河冲积平原从龙山文化晚期(4500-4000 年BP)到二里头文化(3700-3500 年BP)的文化发展产生了深远的影响，为约4000年前的古代洪水传说及其社会影响提供了地质证据。此外，一次历史性的漫滩洪水事件发生在1800-1700年 yr BP，即汉魏时期，在此期间，古都(洛阳)遭受了频繁的洪灾。上述水文气候事件被认为是已知气候事件的区域性表达。这项研究增加了我们对全新世异常洪水及其与季风气候变化和人类土地利用实践的关系，以及史前环境变化对人类文化发展的社会影响的了解。
Paleohydrological investigations were carried out in the Luoyang Basin along the Luohe River in the middle reaches of the Yellow River basin. Three units of overbank flood deposits (OFD) were identified in a Holocene aeolian loess-soil profile on the south cliffy river bank at Taixuecun site (TXC). Analytical results including magnetic susceptibility, grain size distribution and geochemical elements indicate that these well-sorted overbank flood deposits were deposited from the suspended sediment load in floodwaters. We identified two episodes of prehistoric extraordinary overbank flooding that were dated to 6000–5500 and 4000–3800 yr BP using AMS14C and OSL dating techniques with references to the already-known ages of the archaeological remains. Among of the two episodes, the overbank episode at 4000–3800 yr BP likely had a profound impact on the cultural development from the late Longshan Culture (4500–4000 yr BP) to the Erlitou Culture (3700–3500 yr BP) in the alluvial plain of the Luo River within the Luoyang Basin, providing geological evidence for the legends of ancient floods and their social impacts at ca. 4000 yr BP. In addition, an episode of historic overbank flood event was dated to 1800–1700 yr BP, i.e., from the Han to Wei dynasties, during which the ancient capital (Luoyang City) was subjected to frequent flooding. These aforementioned hydro-climatic events are considered to be regional expressions of known climatic events. The study adds our knowledge of the Holocene extraordinary overbank floods and their relationship with monsoonal climate change and human land-use practices, and the social impact of prehistoric environmental changes on human cultural development.