THE AGGLUTINATION OF BACTERIA IN VIVO.
THE AGGLUTINATION OF BACTERIA IN VIVO.
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DOI：
10.1084/jem.22.4.484
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发表时间：
1915-10-01
影响因子：
15.3
通讯作者：
Bull, C G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bull, C G
1. 少量抗血清可使兔血液中肺炎球菌瞬间凝集；这种反应是特异性的，在给予足够血清以影响败血症病程或延长动物寿命的每一种情况下都会发生。2. 抗肺炎球菌血清的凝集效价可以通过在试验中加入少量培养物而大大提高，从而使试验具有更好的鉴别性。3. 正常家兔循环中伤寒杆菌自发凝集；即使在未稀释的血清在体外产生阴性结果的情况下，体内反应也是阳性的；将杆菌加热到80°c 30分钟，使其在体内更容易凝集。4. 志贺型痢疾杆菌在正常家兔的血液中不凝集，但少量的抗血清注射到血液循环中会立即凝集；而Flexner组的所有菌株都发生自发凝集。5. 无毒流感杆菌在正常家兔血液循环中自发凝集；毒株仍未结块地留在血液中。6. 在迄今为止所研究的被动免疫和自然免疫的所有实例中，受感染动物血液中的细菌凝集之后，细菌迅速从循环中清除，并在内脏毛细血管系统中吞噬和破坏凝集细菌；而那些没有凝集的细菌留在血液循环中并产生进行性败血症。7. 因此，至少在某些细菌感染的情况下，凝集素似乎起着决定性的作用。
1. Small quantities of antiserum bring about instantaneous agglutination of pneumococci in the circulation of the rabbit; the reaction is specific and occurs in every case in which sufficient serum is given to influence the course of the septicemia or to prolong the life of the animal. 2. The agglutinating titer of antipneurnococcus serum can be made considerably higher by adding only a small quantity of culture to the tests, thus making the test a finer differential. 3. Typhoid bacilli agglutinate spontaneously in the circulation of the normal rabbit; the reaction is positive in vivo even in cases in which undiluted serum gives a negative result in vitro; heating the bacilli to 80°C. for thirty minutes renders them more agglutinable in vivo. 4. Dysentery bacilli of the Shiga type do not agglutinate in the blood stream of the normal rabbit, but a small quantity of antiserum injected into the circulation causes immediate agglutination; while all strains of the Flexner group undergo spontaneous agglutination. 5. Non-virulent influenza bacilli agglutinate spontaneously in the circulation of the normal rabbit; virulent strains remain in the blood unclumped. 6. In all instances so far investigated of both passive and natural immunity, agglutination of the bacteria within the blood of the infected animal was followed by a rapid removal of the bacteria from the circulation, and by phagocytosis and destruction of the agglutinated bacteria in the capillary systems of the viscera; while those bacteria which are not agglutinated remain in the circulation and produce a progressive septicemia. 7. Hence the agglutinins seem to play the decisive part in at least certain instances of bacterial infections.