Hormonal doping and androgenization of athletes: a secret program of the German Democratic Republic government.
Hormonal doping and androgenization of athletes: a secret program of the German Democratic Republic government.
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运动员的激素兴奋剂和雄激素化：德意志民主共和国政府的秘密计划。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
9.3
通讯作者：
Brigitte Berendonk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Werner W. Franke;Brigitte Berendonk
1990年德意志民主共和国（GDR）崩溃后保存的几份机密文件描述了政府在高性能体育运动中推广使用药物，特别是雄激素类固醇（兴奋剂）。绝密的博士论文、科学报告、赠款进度报告、专家研讨会的会议记录以及作为国家安全部（“斯塔西”）非正式合作者的医生和科学家的报告表明，从1966年起，数百名医生和科学家，包括顶级教授，进行兴奋剂研究，服用处方药和未经批准的实验性药物制剂。每年有数千名运动员接受雄激素治疗，其中包括未成年男女。特别强调对妇女和少女给予雄激素，因为这种做法被证明对运动成绩特别有效。记录了破坏性的副作用，其中一些需要手术或医疗干预。此外，民主德国的几位著名科学家和体育医生为开发药物管理方法做出了贡献，这些方法可以逃避国际兴奋剂检查的检测。
Several classified documents saved after the collapse of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) in 1990 describe the promotion by the government of the use of drugs, notably androgenic steroids, in high-performance sports (doping). Top-secret doctoral theses, scientific reports, progress reports of grants, proceedings from symposia of experts, and reports of physicians and scientists who served as unofficial collaborators for the Ministry for State Security ("Stasi") reveal that from 1966 on, hundreds of physicians and scientists, including top-ranking professors, performed doping research and administered prescription drugs as well as unapproved experimental drug preparations. Several thousand athletes were treated with androgens every year, including minors of each sex. Special emphasis was placed on administering androgens to women and adolescent girls because this practice proved to be particularly effective for sports performance. Damaging side effects were recorded, some of which required surgical or medical intervention. In addition, several prominent scientists and sports physicians of the GDR contributed to the development of methods of drug administration that would evade detection by international doping controls.