A New Approach in the Design of Microstructured Ultralight Components to Achieve Maximum Functional Performance.
A New Approach in the Design of Microstructured Ultralight Components to Achieve Maximum Functional Performance.
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微结构超轻部件设计的新方法：实现最大功能性能
DOI：
10.3390/ma14071588
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发表时间：
2021-03-24
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lamikiz A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calleja-Ochoa A;Gonzalez-Barrio H;López de Lacalle N;Martínez S;Albizuri J;Lamikiz A
在能源和航空航天行业，一些部件需要重量极轻但强度很高。例如，处于旋转离心力作用下的涡轮叶片和结构部件，或是内部支撑件，都要求重量轻，总体而言，能源涡轮设备中的所有部件都能从减重中受益。在太空应用领域，高的强度/重量比就更为重要了。轻质部件意味着全新的优化设计理念，但能够实现制造才是真正关键的使能技术。增材制造可以成为一种选择，它在零件设计和部件内部结构方面采用了全新的方法。在此，我们提出一种新方法，即对小型结构（单元）进行两到三个数量级的复制。激光粉末床熔融（L-PBF）是制造功能部件（以及原型）最为人熟知的增材制造方法之一，例如，可以从耐热合金金属粉末开始进行制造。此类部件的工作条件要求其在高温下具备较高的机械性能，镍钴超级合金就是一种选择。本文所介绍的工作提出使用不同尺寸和数量级的“复制”结构，以制造出重量最轻但能达到所需机械性能的部件。我们还结合若干实例，对打印工艺参数和机械性能进行了分析。
In the energy and aeronautics industry, some components need to be very light but with high strength. For instance, turbine blades and structural components under rotational centrifugal forces, or internal supports, ask for low weight, and in general, all pieces in energy turbine devices will benefit from weight reductions. In space applications, a high ratio strength/weight is even more important. Light components imply new optimal design concepts, but to be able to be manufactured is the real key enable technology. Additive manufacturing can be an alternative, applying radical new approaches regarding part design and components’ internal structure. Here, a new approach is proposed using the replica of a small structure (cell) in two or three orders of magnitude. Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) is one of the most well-known additive manufacturing methods of functional parts (and prototypes as well), for instance, starting from metal powders of heat-resistant alloys. The working conditions for such components demand high mechanical properties at high temperatures, Ni-Co superalloys are a choice. The work here presented proposes the use of “replicative” structures in different sizes and orders of magnitude, to manufacture parts with the minimum weight but achieving the required mechanical properties. Printing process parameters and mechanical performance are analyzed, along with several examples.
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