Cerebral lateralisation of first and second languages in bilinguals assessed using functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound.
Cerebral lateralisation of first and second languages in bilinguals assessed using functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound.
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DOI：
10.12688/wellcomeopenres.9869.2
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Payne H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bishop DVM;Grabitz CR;Harte SC;Watkins KE;Sasaki M;Gutierrez-Sigut E;MacSweeney M;Woodhead ZVJ;Payne H
背景：语言加工偏侧化是单语者的一个公认的发现。在双语者中，使用功能磁共振成像的研究通常发现两种语言之间存在大量的区域重叠，尽管结果可能受到熟练程度，习得年龄和接触第二语言等因素的影响。很少有研究专门关注大脑偏侧化的个体差异，而那些认为大脑偏侧化减少可能会影响某些双语个体对第二语言（L2）的表达。研究方法：在研究1中，我们使用功能性经颅多普勒超声（FTCD）来测量大脑偏侧化在两种语言的高熟练双语者谁收购的年龄（AoA）不同的L2。他们以德语（N = 14）或法语（N = 10）作为第一语言（L1），英语作为第二语言。采用FTCD技术检测了单字母提示语音词产生过程中大脑中动脉血流速度的变化。通过自我报告评估语言历史措施和利手。研究2遵循类似的格式与25日（L1）/英语（L2）双语，熟练程度从基本到先进的第二语言，使用语音和语义词生成任务与公开的语音生产。结果如下：在研究1中，受试者的L1和L2显著偏侧化，L1和L2的偏侧化指数大小具有高度相关性（r = .70）。在研究2中，两种语言的LI之间也有很好的一致性（两种单词生成任务的r = 0.77）。有没有证据表明，在任何一项研究中的年龄收购的影响，虽然样本量太小，检测任何，但大的effects. Conclusion：熟练的双语者，有很强的一致性大脑侧化的第一和第二语言的语言流畅性任务的评估。
Background: Lateralised language processing is a well-established finding in monolinguals. In bilinguals, studies using fMRI have typically found substantial regional overlap between the two languages, though results may be influenced by factors such as proficiency, age of acquisition and exposure to the second language. Few studies have focused specifically on individual differences in brain lateralisation, and those that have suggested reduced lateralisation may characterise representation of the second language (L2) in some bilingual individuals. Methods: In Study 1, we used functional transcranial Doppler sonography (FTCD) to measure cerebral lateralisation in both languages in high proficiency bilinguals who varied in age of acquisition (AoA) of L2. They had German (N = 14) or French (N = 10) as their first language (L1) and English as their second language. FTCD was used to measure task-dependent blood flow velocity changes in the left and right middle cerebral arteries during phonological word generation cued by single letters. Language history measures and handedness were assessed through self-report. Study 2 followed a similar format with 25 Japanese (L1) /English (L2) bilinguals, with proficiency in their second language ranging from basic to advanced, using phonological and semantic word generation tasks with overt speech production. Results: In Study 1, participants were significantly left lateralised for both L1 and L2, with a high correlation (r = .70) in the size of laterality indices for L1 and L2. In Study 2, again there was good agreement between LIs for the two languages (r = .77 for both word generation tasks). There was no evidence in either study of an effect of age of acquisition, though the sample sizes were too small to detect any but large effects. Conclusion: In proficient bilinguals, there is strong concordance for cerebral lateralisation of first and second language as assessed by a verbal fluency task.