LEARNED HELPLESSNESS IN HUMANS - CRITIQUE AND REFORMULATION
LEARNED HELPLESSNESS IN HUMANS - CRITIQUE AND REFORMULATION
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DOI：
10.1037/0021-843x.87.1.49
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发表时间：
1978-01-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
TEASDALE, JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ABRAMSON, LY;SELIGMAN, MEP;TEASDALE, JD
批评和重新制定的习得性无助假说。人们认为，旧的假设，当应用于人类习得性无助，有两个主要问题：（a）它没有区分的情况下，结果是不可控的所有人和情况下，他们是不可控的只有一些人（普遍与个人无助），（B）它没有解释时，无助是普遍的，当具体的，或当慢性和急性。为了解决这些不足之处，提出了一种基于归因理论修订版的重新表述。根据重新表述，一旦人们感知到非偶然性，他们就会将自己的无助归因于一个原因。这个原因可以是稳定的或不稳定的，全球的或特定的，内部的或外部的。归因的选择影响未来无助的预期是慢性的还是急性的，是广泛的还是狭窄的，以及无助是否会降低自尊。这种重新制定的人类无助的抑郁症的习得性无助模型的影响进行了概述。(92参考）（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2022阿帕，保留所有权利）
Criticizes and reformulates the learned helplessness hypothesis. It is considered that the old hypothesis, when applied to learned helplessness in humans, has 2 major problems:(a) It does not distinguish between cases in which outcomes are uncontrollable for all people and cases in which they are uncontrollable only for some people (universal vs personal helplessness), and (b) it does not explain when helplessness is general and when specific, or when chronic and when acute. A reformulation based on a revision of attribution theory is proposed to resolve these inadequacies. According to the reformulation, once people perceive noncontingency, they attribute their helplessness to a cause. This cause can be stable or unstable, global or specific, and internal or external. The attribution chosen influences whether expectation of future helplessness will be chronic or acute, broad or narrow, and whether helplessness will lower self-esteem or not. The implications of this reformulation of human helplessness for the learned helplessness model of depression are outlined.(92 ref)(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)