Three forms of gonadotropin-releasing hormone characterized from brains of one species.
Three forms of gonadotropin-releasing hormone characterized from brains of one species.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.91.25.12081
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发表时间：
1994-12
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
J. Powell;Yonathan Zohar;A. Elizur;Minkyu Park;Wolfgang H. Fischer;A. Craig;J. Rivier;David A. Lovejoy;N. Sherwood
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Powell;Yonathan Zohar;A. Elizur;Minkyu Park;Wolfgang H. Fischer;A. Craig;J. Rivier;David A. Lovejoy;N. Sherwood
大多数脊椎动物的大脑中有一种以上的促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH），但目前尚不清楚每种形式是否有不同的功能。我们报告说，海鲷（Sparus aurata）大脑有三种形式的GnRH，其中之一是本文所述，被称为海鲷GnRH（sbGnRH）。通过Edman降解和质谱分析确定了两种形式的一级结构。sbGnRH的氨基酸序列为pGlu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Ser-Pro-Gly-NH 2。第二种肽与最初从鸡脑中分离的形式（cGnRH-II）相同：pGlu-His-Trp-Ser-His-Gly-Trp-Tyr-Pro-Gly-NH 2。cGnRH-II是迄今为止在有颌鱼中鉴定的最古老的GnRH形式，也是脊椎动物中最普遍的形式。GnRH的第三种形式先前已通过cDNA研究确定为鲑鱼GnRH，并通过色谱和免疫学研究证实。GnRH肽的系统发育分布表明sbGnRH作为现有cGnRH-II或鲑鱼GnRH基因的基因重复出现在鲈鱼样鱼中。所有三个确定的GnRH肽的合成和释放促性腺激素在体内的海鲷。储存在垂体中的GnRH的主要形式是sbGnRH。不仅sbGnRH的含量比鲑鱼GnRH高500倍，而且在垂体中未检测到cGnRH-II。后一证据表明sbGnRH是促性腺激素II的内源性促性腺激素释放剂。
Most vertebrate species have more than one form of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in their brains, but it is not clear whether each form has a distinct function. We report that sea bream (Sparus aurata) brains have three forms of GnRH, one of which is described herein and is called sea bream GnRH (sbGnRH). The primary structures of two forms were determined by Edman degradation and mass spectral analysis. The amino acid sequence of sbGnRH is pGlu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Ser-Pro-Gly-NH2. The second peptide is identical to a form originally isolated from chicken brains (cGnRH-II): pGlu-His-Trp-Ser-His-Gly-Trp-Tyr-Pro-Gly-NH2. cGnRH-II is the most ancient form of GnRH identified to date in jawed fish and the most prevalent form throughout the vertebrates. The third form of GnRH has previously been identified as salmon GnRH by cDNA studies and is confirmed here by chromatographic and immunological studies. Phylogenetic distribution of GnRH peptides suggests sbGnRH arose in the perch-like fish as a gene duplication of the existing cGnRH-II or salmon GnRH genes. All three identified GnRH peptides were synthesized and shown to release gonadotropin in vivo in the sea bream. The dominant form of GnRH stored in the pituitary was sbGnRH. Not only was the content of sbGnRH 500-fold greater than that of salmon GnRH but also cGnRH-II was not detected in the pituitary. The latter evidence suggests that sbGnRH is the endogenous releaser of gonadotropin II.