Top soil removal reduces water pollution from phosphorus and dissolved organic matter and lowers methane emissions from rewetted peatlands
Top soil removal reduces water pollution from phosphorus and dissolved organic matter and lowers methane emissions from rewetted peatlands
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2664.12931
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
D. Zak;T. Goldhammer;Alavaro Cabezas;J. Gelbrecht;R. Gurke;C. Wagner;Hendrik Reuter;J. Augustin;A. Klimkowska;R. McInnes
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文献类型：
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作者：
D. Zak;T. Goldhammer;Alavaro Cabezas;J. Gelbrecht;R. Gurke;C. Wagner;Hendrik Reuter;J. Augustin;A. Klimkowska;R. McInnes
总结1.恢复泥炭地湿润是缓解非点源磷污染引起的水体富营养化和减少温室气体排放的有效策略。然而，长期的排水和密集的农业使用使得在人类的时间范围内不太可能重新建立营养物和碳（C）以及低营养条件的原始汇功能。2.我们假设，去除上部退化泥炭层可以是一种适当的措施，以避免重新润湿后P和C的过度活化的负面影响。为了评估表层土壤去除（TSR）的效果，我们进行了实验室和现场实验，在北方德国的6个淹没泥炭地没有TSR相比，6个淹没的网站与TSR。此外，我们还包括了一个重新湿润的泥炭地的数据，在那里，退化的泥炭已经从大约一半的地区被移走，地下水位刚好低于土壤表面。3.结果强调，淹没后，覆盖在前泥炭表面上的新形成的碎屑泥层是P和甲烷的主要来源，特别是在没有TSR的地点，但在有TSR的地点也是如此，尽管速率显着较低。虽然高度分解的泥炭释放或多或少没有甲烷，溶解有机质（DOM）的动员是最高的，在这个基板，而较少分解的泥炭的特点是一般的动员率最低。4.合成与应用。总之，表层土壤去除（TSR）之前，再润湿可以是一个合适的方法，以避免过度释放的磷（P）和碳后再润湿的负面后果。我们开发了一个简单的决策支持示意图，以协助泥炭地恢复过程中，更好地了解TSR的影响。尽管有潜在的好处，但不应将TSR宣布为一种通用方法，因为在应用之前需要详细考虑。然而，这项研究和其他研究表明，这是不可避免的，没有任何进一步的管理干预高动员的P，溶解有机物和甲烷可能会持续几个世纪后，重新湿润泥炭地。本文受版权保护。All rights reserved.
Summary 1.A valid strategy to mitigate the eutrophication of water bodies due to non-point source phosphorus (P) pollution and to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases is the rewetting of degraded peatlands. However, long-term drainage and intensive agricultural use make it unlikely that the original sink functions for nutrients and carbon (C) as well as low-nutrient conditions can be re-established within a human time perspective. 2.We hypothesised that the removal of the upper degraded peat layer can be a suitable measure to avoid the negative implications of excess mobilisation of P and C after rewetting. To evaluate the effect of top soil removal (TSR) we performed lab and field experiments in six inundated peatlands in northern Germany without TSR compared to six inundated sites with TSR. In addition we included data from a rewetted peatland where the degraded peat had been removed from about half of the area and groundwater level was just beneath the soil surface. 3.The results emphasized that following inundation newly formed detritus mud layers overlying the former peat surface are the dominating source for P and methane in particular in sites without TSR but also in sites with TSR, although at significantly lower rates. Although highly decomposed peat released more or less no methane, dissolved organic matter (DOM) mobilisation was highest in this substrate while less decomposed peat was characterized in general by lowest rates of mobilisation. 4.Synthesis and applications. In conclusion, top soil removal (TSR) prior to rewetting can be a suitable method to avoid the negative consequences of the excess release of phosphorus (P) and carbon post-rewetting. We developed a simple decision–support schematic to assist the peatland restoration process and to understand better the implications of TSR. Despite the potential benefits TSR should not be declared as a universal method, as it requires detailed consideration prior to application. However, this and other research demonstrate that it is inevitable that without any further management interventions high mobilisation of P, dissolved organic matter and methane may persist for centuries following rewetting of peatlands. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.