Unexpected diversity of Anopheles species in Eastern Zambia: implications for evaluating vector behavior and interventions using molecular tools.
Unexpected diversity of Anopheles species in Eastern Zambia: implications for evaluating vector behavior and interventions using molecular tools.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep17952
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发表时间：
2015-12-09
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Collins FH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lobo NF;St Laurent B;Sikaala CH;Hamainza B;Chanda J;Chinula D;Krishnankutty SM;Mueller JD;Deason NA;Hoang QT;Boldt HL;Thumloup J;Stevenson J;Seyoum A;Collins FH
了解疟疾病媒种类及其生物学特性对于针对疟疾干预措施和衡量有效性至关重要。许多昆虫学研究依赖于蚊子的形态识别，将识别限制在视觉上不同的物种/物种群。将基于核糖体DNA ITS2和线粒体DNA COI的按蚊物种归属与赞比亚Luangwa和Nyimba地区的形态鉴定进行了比较。形态和分子鉴定的比较表明，单独使用形态鉴定时，对物种组成、抗药性分析、寄主选择性研究、诱捕效果和疟原虫感染的解释是不正确的。形态鉴定识别出8种按蚊，分子分析鉴定出18个不同的序列组或种。在这18个序列中，有7个无法通过与已发表的序列进行比较来鉴定。在18个分子鉴定的物种中，有12个(包括无法识别的物种和不被认为是媒介的物种)通过聚合酶链式反应发现携带疟原虫子孢子的物种--相比之下，8个形态物种中有4个携带疟原虫子孢子。在抗药性测试中，在形态上鉴定出的按蚊中，有高达15%是其他物种。了解初级和次级疟疾病媒以及影响疟疾传播和干预效果的生物学特征是实现消除疟疾的基础。
The understanding of malaria vector species in association with their bionomic traits is vital for targeting malaria interventions and measuring effectiveness. Many entomological studies rely on morphological identification of mosquitoes, limiting recognition to visually distinct species/species groups. Anopheles species assignments based on ribosomal DNA ITS2 and mitochondrial DNA COI were compared to morphological identifications from Luangwa and Nyimba districts in Zambia. The comparison of morphological and molecular identifications determined that interpretations of species compositions, insecticide resistance assays, host preference studies, trap efficacy, and Plasmodium infections were incorrect when using morphological identification alone. Morphological identifications recognized eight Anopheles species while 18 distinct sequence groups or species were identified from molecular analyses. Of these 18, seven could not be identified through comparison to published sequences. Twelve of 18 molecularly identified species (including unidentifiable species and species not thought to be vectors) were found by PCR to carry Plasmodium sporozoites - compared to four of eight morphological species. Up to 15% of morphologically identified Anopheles funestus mosquitoes in insecticide resistance tests were found to be other species molecularly. The comprehension of primary and secondary malaria vectors and bionomic characteristics that impact malaria transmission and intervention effectiveness are fundamental in achieving malaria elimination.