An experimental investigation of emotional reactivity and delayed emotional recovery in borderline personality disorder: the role of shame
An experimental investigation of emotional reactivity and delayed emotional recovery in borderline personality disorder: the role of shame
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DOI：
10.1016/j.comppsych.2009.08.005
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Gunderson, John G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gratz, Kim L.;Rosenthal, M. Zachary;Gunderson, John G.
尽管在边缘型人格障碍（BPD）的突出理论描述中强调情绪反应和延迟情绪恢复，但这一领域的研究仍然有限。本研究试图通过对2个实验室压力源（一个是一般压力源，一个是普通压力源，一个是普通压力源）的情绪反应（和情绪唤醒后的恢复）进行检查，扩展现有的研究。另一个涉及负面评价)，并探索这些压力源对主观反应的影响，包括焦虑、责任、敌意和羞耻等特定情绪。我们假设患有BPD的门诊患者（与没有人格障碍的门诊患者相比）对这两种压力源表现出更高的主观情绪反应，以及延迟恢复到基线情绪唤醒水平的结果为BPD的情境和情绪特异性反应提供了证据。具体而言，BPD参与者（与非pd参与者相比）对负面评价的反应增强，而对一般压力源的反应增强。研究结果支持了BPD患者的羞耻特异性反应，在整个研究过程中，BPD患者（与非pd患者相比）的羞耻变化模式明显不同（但在焦虑、易怒或敌意方面没有变化）。具体来说，BPD参与者不仅报告了对负面评价的更高水平的羞耻感，而且他们的羞耻感水平在这个压力源之后仍然升高（直到研究结束后的恢复期）。研究结果表明，在特定的环境和不同的情绪中，而不是在一般的特征水平上，继续检查BPD的情绪反应是很重要的(C) 2010 Elsevier Inc版权所有。
Despite the emphasis on emotional reactivity and delayed emotional recovery in prominent theoretical accounts of borderline personality disorder (BPD), research in this area remains limited This study sought to extend extant research by examining emotional reactivity (and recovery following emotional arousal) to 2 laboratory stressors (one general, and the other involving negative evaluation) and exploring the impact of these stressors on subjective responding across the specific emotions of anxiety, in-liability, hostility, and shame. We hypothesized that outpatients with BPD (compared to outpatients without a personality disorder, non-PD) would demonstrate heightened subjective emotional reactivity to both stressors, as well as a delayed return to baseline levels of emotional arousal Results provide evidence for context- and emotion-specific reactivity in BPD Specifically, BPD participants (compared to non-PD participants) evidenced heightened reactivity to the negative evaluation but not the general stressor Furthermore, results provide support for shame-specific reactivity in BPD, with BPD participants (vs non-PD participants) evidencing a significantly different pattern of change in shame (but not in reported anxiety, irritability, or hostility) across the course of the study. Specifically, not only did BPD participants report higher levels of shame in response to the negative evaluation, their levels of shame remained elevated following this stressor (through the post-recovery period at the end of the study). Findings suggest the importance of continuing to examine emotional reactivity in BPD within specific contexts and across distinct emotions, rather than at the general trait level (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc All rights reserved.