Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder adults: Comorbidities and adaptive impairments
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder adults: Comorbidities and adaptive impairments
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DOI：
10.1016/s0010-440x(96)90022-x
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发表时间：
1996-11-01
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Barkley, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murphy, K;Barkley, RA
注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)越来越被认为是一个合法的成人诊断类别。然而，成人ADHD的性质以及与之相关的合并症和适应性损害几乎没有得到科学研究。因此，本研究比较了172名被诊断患有ADHD的成年人和30名来自同一成人ADHD诊所的未被诊断为ADHD的成年人。ADHD组表现出明显更高的对立、行为和药物滥用障碍的患病率。而且比对照成年人使用更多的非法物质。更有甚者。患有ADHD的成年人表现出更大的自我报告的心理不适应，更多的驾驶风险(超速违章)，以及更频繁的换工作。与没有ADHD的成年人相比，更多的ADHD成年人经历了驾驶执照被吊销、表现不佳、辞职或被解雇，并且有较差的教育表现和更频繁的学校纪律处分的历史。在多动症组AS WALL中，多重婚姻的可能性更大。与之前的研究相反，焦虑和情绪障碍在ADHD患者中并不比对照组更普遍。结果表明，成人ADHD与破坏性行为障碍、学习和工作表现问题以及驾驶风险等相对特定的风险有关。版权所有(C)1996年，由W.B.Saunders公司
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is increasingly recognized as a legitimate adult diagnostic category. Yet the nature of and comorbidities and adaptive impairments associated with adult ADHD have received little scientific investigation. The present study, therefore, compared 172 adults diagnosed with ADHD with 30 adults referred to the same adult ADHD clinic who were not so diagnosed. The ADHD group showed a significantly greater prevalence of oppositional, conduct, and substance abuse disorders. and greater illegal substance use than control adults. Moreover. adults with ADHD displayed greater self-reported psychological maladjustment, more driving risks (speeding violations), and more frequent changes in employment. Significantly more ADHD adults had experienced a suspension of their driver license, had performed poorly, quit, or been fired from their job, and had a history of poorer educational performance and more frequent school disciplinary actions against them than adults without ADHD. Multiple marriages were more likely in the ADHD group as wall. Contrary to previous studies, anxiety and mood disorders were not found to be more prevalent in the ADHD than in the control group. Results suggest that ADHD in adults is associated with relatively specific risks for disruptive behavior disorders, school and job performance problems, and driving risks. Copyright (C) 1996 by W.B. Saunders Company