Spatial variation of streamwater chemistry in two Swedish boreal catchments: implications for environmental assessment.
Spatial variation of streamwater chemistry in two Swedish boreal catchments: implications for environmental assessment.
复制标题
瑞典两个北方流域河水化学的空间变化：对环境评估的影响。
DOI：
10.1021/es040045q
复制
发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
K. Bishop
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Temnerud;K. Bishop
2000年6月至2002年8月，为了评估两个瑞典北方流域（子流域面积0.01 ~ 78 km2）水化学的尺度依赖性空间变异，在水系网络的每个连接处采集了样本。大多数化学成分的值跨越了一个数量级以上，其范围与2000年全国河流调查在瑞典北部所有地区发现的范围相似。根据瑞典使用的官方评估工具，这两个研究集水区存在着整个环境状况（pH值、吸光度、碱度、溶解有机碳（DOC））和人类酸化影响。流域面积大于15 km2时，水化学参数相对稳定。如果需要景观的一般值，那么这个尺度的采样可能是足够的。然而，在大部分河流长度和水生生态系统中发现的源头的化学成分将无法表征。地图参数与关键化学参数DOC的变异性相关，但最佳预测地图参数在流域之间存在显著差异。这项研究强调了在自来水环境评估中考虑水源空间变异性的重要性，即使在相对原始的地区也是如此。有许多源头和越来越少的下游水道的排水网络的性质使这成为一个相当大的挑战。
To evaluate the scale-dependent spatial variability of water chemistry within two Swedish boreal catchments (subcatchment areas 0.01-78 km2), samples were taken at every junction in the stream network during June 2000 and August 2002. The values of most chemical constituents spanned more than an order of magnitude, and the range was similar to that found in all of Northern Sweden by the national stream survey in 2000. According to the official assessment tools used in Sweden, the entire range of environmental status (for pH, absorbance, alkalinity, dissolved organic carbon (DOC)) and human acidification influence existed within these two study catchments. The water chemistry parameters were relatively stable at catchment areas greater than 15 km2. Sampling at that scale may be adequate if generalized values for the landscape are desired. However the chemistry of headwaters, where much of the stream length and aquatic ecosystem is found would not be characterized. Map parameters correlated to the variability in a key chemical parameter, DOC, but the best predictive map parameters differed markedly between catchments. This study highlights the importance of accounting for headwater spatial variability in environmental assessments of running waters, even in relatively pristine areas. The nature of drainage networks with many headwaters and progressively fewer downstream watercourses makes this a considerable challenge.