Curable cancers and fatal ulcers. Attitudes toward cancer in Japan.
Curable cancers and fatal ulcers. Attitudes toward cancer in Japan.
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可治愈的癌症和致命的溃疡。
DOI：
10.1016/0277-9536(82)90259-3
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发表时间：
1982
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Bruce D. Long
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Long;Bruce D. Long
日本的晚期癌症患者通常不会被告知他们的真实诊断结果。日本医生认为透露“死刑判决”是不道德的，患者家属通过向患者保证他会康复来提供支持。这种行为对于许多美国人来说很奇怪，似乎可以用象征性互动主义的方法来解释。日本公众将癌症视为导致死亡的污染力量。家庭成员在这种压力很大的情况下表达他们的担忧，不是通过公开的口头交流，而是通过沉浸在适当的角色行为中。患者在欺骗中也扮演着特定的角色，尽管他可能怀疑真实的诊断。具有讽刺意味的是，当死亡临近时，“独立”的美国患者有更广泛的支持机会，而“依赖”的日本患者则独自面对死亡。随着癌症技术改变公众形象，我们怀疑癌症将得到更公开的讨论。然而，只要死亡被视为长期、畸形和无法控制，当今日本围绕癌症的象征性行为就会继续存在。
Japanese patients having terminal cancer are generally not told their true diagnosis. Japanese physicians deem it unethical to reveal a ‘death sentence’ and the patient's family provides support by reassuring the patient that he will recover. This behavior, strange to many Americans, seems best explained by a symbolic interactionist approach. The Japanese public views cancer as a polluting force leading to death. Family members express their concern in this stressful situation, not by open verbal communication, but by immersing themselves in proper role behavior. The patient also has a specific role in the deception, although he may suspect the true diagnosis. An ironic situation results in that an ‘independent’ American patient has wider opportunities for support as death approaches, but a ‘dependent’ Japanese patient faces death alone. As cancer technology changes public images, we suspect that cancer will be more openly discussed. Yet the symbolic behavior that surrounds cancer in Japan today will continue whenever death is seen as prolonged, deforming, and uncontrollable.