Every Day the War Continues in My Body: Examining the Marked Body in Postconflict Northern Uganda
Every Day the War Continues in My Body: Examining the Marked Body in Postconflict Northern Uganda
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DOI：
10.1093/ijtj/iju007
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发表时间：
2014-07-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Gill, Bani
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hollander, Theo;Gill, Bani
人体在现代战争中占据了中心地位，而很少有武装冲突比北方乌干达的战争更能体现这一点，在那里，反叛团体和政府军都侵犯了人体完整性，改变了人体组织，以传达信息，羞辱敌人及其支持基地，并控制人民和领土。战争期间造成的伤害和残疾在冲突结束后很长时间内仍然影响着人们。那些身体被“标记”的人继续在日常活动中体现战争的痛苦、残疾和丧失行动能力。换句话说，战争在他们的身体里继续着。大多数被标记的身体都在努力使性别表现符合期望。此外，身体有标记的人生产力下降，无法进行互惠互利的互动，导致社会资本网络破裂，导致普遍的污名化和歧视。然而，在和平进程和过渡时期司法中，对身体的关注似乎在很大程度上缺失。武装冲突结束后，许多尸体都被标记，残疾人主流化应该成为过渡时期司法的一个典型要素。这超出了医疗干预的范围，意味着在所有过渡时期司法的思维和实践中，都要注意如何将被标记的机构纳入、参与和受益。为确保纳入被标记的机构和其他受害者群体，需要进行更多的微观分析，从幸存者群体的日常生存关切、挑战、经历、需求和愿望等方面对其加以区分。
Human bodies have assumed centre stage in modern warfare, and few armed conflicts epitomize this more than the war in northern Uganda, where both rebel groups and government forces violated bodily integrity and altered human tissue to communicate messages, humiliate the enemy and their support base, and dominate both people and territory. The injuries and disabilities inflicted during wartime continue to affect people long after the conflict has come to an end. People whose bodies were 'marked' continue to embody the war in everyday activities in terms of pain, disabilities and loss of mobility. In other words, the war continues in their bodies. Most marked bodies struggle to conform gender performances to expectations. Furthermore, a decline in the productivity of people with marked bodies and failure to reciprocate mutual beneficial interaction leads to ruptures within social capital networks, resulting in widespread stigmatization and discrimination. Yet, focus on the body seems to be largely missing in peace processes and transitional justice. In the aftermath of armed conflict, where so many bodies have been marked, disability mainstreaming should become a quintessential element in transitional justice. This goes beyond medical interventions, meaning that in all transitional justice thinking and practice, attention is paid to how marked bodies can be included, participate and benefit. To ensure inclusion of marked bodies and other victim groups, more micro-analysis is needed that distinguishes survivor groups in terms of their day-to-day survival concerns, challenges, experiences, needs and aspirations.