Balance-corrective responses to unexpected perturbations at the arms during treadmill walking
Balance-corrective responses to unexpected perturbations at the arms during treadmill walking
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.00719.2013
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发表时间：
2014-10-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Misiaszek, John E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Forero, Juan;Misiaszek, John E.
研究表明，手臂参与调节行走过程中的平衡。助行器的使用增加了支撑的底座，并通过将其部分转移到手臂上来减少腿部的负荷，从而增强了平衡。然而，当在平衡任务中积极参与时，手臂的扰动可能会破坏平衡。以前的研究已经调查了站立和行走时与手臂局部运动相关的姿势调整。然而，对行走过程中手臂意外扰动的平衡矫正反应还没有得到很好的研究。在目前的研究中，受试者在跑步机上行走，同时抓住一对手柄，当突然的扰动发生时，手柄向前或向后移位。指示受试者反对移动手柄会导致手臂的强烈反应，并伴随着腿部肌肉的激活，这与在其他平衡障碍研究中观察到的结果相当。相反，当受试者被指示在移位时允许手柄移动时，手臂上没有观察到任何反应。然而，无论受试者是否反对手柄的移位，在脚跟撞击时施加扰动时，在腿部都观察到了类似的反应。这项研究的结果表明，对手臂施加的干扰可以在腿部引发平衡反应，这些反应的表达受到手臂所从事的任务的影响。
The arms have been shown to be involved in the regulation of balance during walking. The use of a walking aid enhances balance by increasing the base of support and reducing the load on the legs by partly transferring it to the arms. However, when actively engaged during a balance task, perturbations to the arms can destabilize balance. Previous studies have investigated postural adjustments associated with focal arm movements during standing and walking. However, balance-corrective reactions to unexpected perturbations to the arms during walking have not been well studied. In the present study, subjects walked on a treadmill while grasping a pair of handles when sudden perturbations were delivered by displacing the handles in the forward or backward direction. Instructing subjects to oppose the displacement of the handles resulted in strong responses in the arms that were accompanied by activation of muscles in the legs, comparable to those observed in other balance disturbance studies. Conversely, when subjects were instructed to allow the handles to move when displaced, no responses were observed in the arms. However, similar responses were observed in the legs whether subjects opposed the displacement of the handles or not when perturbations were applied at heel strike. The results from this study show that balance reactions can be elicited in the legs in response to perturbations applied at the arms, and that the expression of these responses is affected by the task engaged in by the arms.