Immunotoxicity of Perfluorinated Compounds: Recent Developments
Immunotoxicity of Perfluorinated Compounds: Recent Developments
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DOI：
10.1177/0192623311428473
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Germolec, Dori R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DeWitt, Jamie C.;Peden-Adams, Margie M.;Germolec, Dori R.
全氟化合物（PFCs）是一种广泛存在于环境中、具有持久性和生物累积性的化学品，在实验模型和野生动物中具有多种毒性，包括免疫调节。最常检测到的两种化合物是全氟辛酸（PFOA）和全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS），这两种化合物在接触环境的生物体中的浓度通常也最高。据报告，全氟辛酸和全氟辛烷磺酸可改变啮齿动物模型、鸟类模型、爬行动物模型以及哺乳动物和非哺乳动物野生动物的炎症反应、细胞因子的产生以及适应性和先天性免疫反应。越来越多的证据表明，实验室动物模型中的免疫效应发生在血清浓度低于、在报告的范围内或略高于报告的高度接触人类和野生动物的血清浓度时。因此，暴露于全氟碳化物的人类和野生动物的免疫影响风险不容忽视，特别是在考虑生物累积和暴露于多种全氟碳化物时。本综述简要介绍了目前和最近发表的研究全氟辛酸、全氟辛烷磺酸和其他全氟辛烷磺酸在啮齿动物模型、替代实验室模型和野生动物中的免疫调节作用的工作。
Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are environmentally widespread, persistent, and bioaccumulative chemicals with multiple toxicities reported in experimental models and wildlife, including immunomodulation. The two most commonly detected compounds, which also generally occur in the highest concentrations in environmentally exposed organisms, are perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). PFOA and PFOS have been reported to alter inflammatory responses, production of cytokines, and adaptive and innate immune responses in rodent models, avian models, reptilian models, and mammalian and nonmammalian wildlife. Mounting evidence suggests that immune effects in laboratory animal models occur at serum concentrations below, within the reported range, or just above those reported for highly exposed humans and wildlife. Thus, the risk of immune effects for humans and wildlife exposed to PFCs cannot be discounted, especially when bioaccumulation and exposure to multiple PFCs are considered. This review contains brief descriptions of current and recently published work exploring immunomodulation by PFOA, PFOS, and other PFCs in rodent models, alternative laboratory models, and wildlife.