Mapping the Bonanza: Geographies of Mining Investment in an Era of Neoliberal Reform
Mapping the Bonanza: Geographies of Mining Investment in an Era of Neoliberal Reform
复制标题
绘制富矿图：新自由主义改革时代矿业投资的地理分布
DOI：
10.1111/j.0033-0124.2004.05603009.x
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
G. Bridge
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Bridge
对国家经济自由化政策如何影响全球经济活动模式的地理分析常常从对制造业以及较小程度上的服务业典型部门的研究中得出结论。相比之下，研究发展中国家的新自由主义政策改革如何推动全球范围内第一产业（即采掘业）活动地理变化的研究相对较少。本文介绍并分析了国际采矿业直接投资的新数据。它报告了一个研究项目的方法和结果，该项目系统地绘制和评估了自 1990 年以来世界经济中商品结构和采矿相关投资的地理分布的变化。它确认并量化了迄今为止的轶事证据，表明 20 世纪 90 年代，随着许多国家从 20 世纪 80 年代中期开始采取新自由主义经济政策，投资从成熟的目标转向发展中国家的少数“后起之秀”。然而，研究结果挑战了将这种转变视为外围国家投资“富矿”的传统解释，并强调了近期投资趋势在地理范围上高度具体，集中在少数商品上，以及投资在既定目标和新兴目标之间的分配如何随着时间和空间的变化而变化。
Geographic analyses of how national policies of economic liberalization influence global patterns of economic activity often draw their conclusions from studies of the paradigmatic sectors of manufacturing and, to a lesser extent, services. There is, by contrast, relatively little work examining how neoliberal policy reforms in the developing world may be driving changes in the geography of primary sector (i.e., extractive) activities at the global scale. This article presents and analyzes new data on direct investment in the international mining industry. It reports methods and results from a research project to systematically map and evaluate changes in the commodity mix and geographical spread of mining-related investment in the world economy since 1990. It confirms and quantifies what was hitherto anecdotal evidence of a geographic shift in investment during the 1990s away from mature targets toward a small number of “rising stars” in the developing world, following the adoption in many countries of neoliberal economic policies from the mid-1980s onward. However, the findings challenge conventional interpretations of this shift as an investment “bonanza” in the periphery and highlight how recent investment trends are highly specific in geographical scope, concentrated within a few commodities, and how the allocation of investment between established and emerging targets is variable over both time and space.