Radiation Effects in Crystalline Oxide Host Phases for the Immobilization of Actinides
Radiation Effects in Crystalline Oxide Host Phases for the Immobilization of Actinides
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DOI：
10.1557/proc-713-jj3.1
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发表时间：
2002-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
W. J. Weber;R. Ewing;B. McGrail;G. Cragnolino
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. J. Weber;R. Ewing;B. McGrail;G. Cragnolino
晶体氧化物中α衰变事件的辐射效应被提出用于锕系元素的固定化，通常导致非晶化、宏观膨胀和目前所考虑的所有相的溶解速率的数量级增加。然而，在过去的20年中，利用短寿命锕系元素和离子束辐照进行的系统实验研究，对含U和含th矿物的辐射效应的研究，以及对损伤过程的新模型的发展，使人们对磷灰石、锆石、钙钛矿、锆石和焦绿石/萤石结构的损伤积累过程的理解有了实质性的增加。这种基本的科学认识现在为根据核废料在辐射领域的预期性能选择核废料形式提供了基础。这些研究最近的成功之一是发现了一类耐辐射的焦绿石/萤石结构，它们可以作为高度耐用、耐辐射的寄主相，用于固定锕系元素。
Radiation effects from alpha-decay events in crystalline oxides, which are proposed for the immobilization of actinides, often lead to amorphization, macroscopic swelling and order-of-magnitude increases in dissolution rates for all of the phases currently under consideration. However, the results of systematic experimental studies using short-lived actinides and ion-beam irradiations, studies of radiation effects in U- and Th-bearing minerals, and the development of new models of the damage process over the past 20 years have lead to a substantial increase in the understanding of the processes of damage accumulation in apatite, zircon, perovskite, zirconolite, and pyrochlore/fluorite structures. This fundamental scientific understanding now provides a basis for the selection of nuclear waste forms based on their predicted performance in a radiation field. One of the recent successes of these studies has been the discovery of a class of radiation-resistant pyrochlore/fluorite structures that can serve as highly durable, radiation-resistant host phases for the immobilization of actinides.