The Meaning of 'Most': Semantics, Numerosity and Psychology
The Meaning of 'Most': Semantics, Numerosity and Psychology
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1468-0017.2009.01374.x
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发表时间：
2009-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Halberda, Justin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pietroski, Paul;Lidz, Jeffrey;Halberda, Justin
“大多数”的意思可以用很多种方式来描述。我们提供了一个区分语义描述的框架，被解释为超越了对句子真值条件的断言的心理假设，并提供了一个实验，它反对一个有吸引力的概念：“大多数”是按照一一对应的方式理解的。在许多试验中，成年人对“大多数圆点是黄色的”进行了评估，判断是真是假，在这些试验中，黄点和蓝点的显示时间为200毫秒。Display操控了“一对一与余数”策略的易用性，以及使用近似数系统比较基数(近似值)的策略。解释这类数据需要仔细考虑意义与验证之间的关系。但研究结果表明，即使在不可能计数的情况下，“大多数”也可以通过基数比较来理解。
The meaning of 'most' can be described in many ways. We offer a framework for distinguishing semantic descriptions, interpreted as psychological hypotheses that go beyond claims about sentential truth conditions, and an experiment that tells against an attractive idea: 'most' is understood in terms of one-to-one correspondence. Adults evaluated 'Most of the dots are yellow', as true or false, on many trials in which yellow dots and blue dots were displayed for 200 ms. Displays manipulated the ease of using a 'one-to-one with remainder' strategy, and a strategy of using the Approximate Number System to compare of (approximations of) cardinalities. Interpreting such data requires care in thinking about how meaning is related to verification. But the results suggest that 'most' is understood in terms of cardinality comparison, even when counting is impossible.