Foraging ecology and movement patterns of jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) in the California Current System
Foraging ecology and movement patterns of jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) in the California Current System
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dsr2.2012.09.006
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发表时间：
2013-10-15
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Walker, William A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Field, John C.;Elliger, Carl;Walker, William A.
从2002年到2010年，在整个加州洋流系统（CCS）中经常遇到大量的巨型鱿鱼（Dosidicus gigas）。这一物种通常在亚热带沃茨发现，作为捕食者和被捕食者，可能影响沿海中上层生态系统和渔业。无论是巨型鱿鱼的丰富性还是它们繁荣的最佳海洋条件都不为人所知。为了更好地了解这一物种对商业渔业和食物网结构的潜在影响，我们从CCS的沃茨收集了近900个标本，覆盖了20多个纬度，在不同的深度和季节。我们使用的人口统计信息（大小，性别和成熟状态）和胃内容物的形态学和分子生物学的方法，以最好地了解这个物种在不同的栖息地的CCS觅食生态分析。鱿鱼被发现可以吃掉很多种类的猎物。近海沃茨的猎物一般反映了以往研究中报告的饲料基地（主要是中层鱼类和鱿鱼），而在沿海沃茨（大陆架、大陆架断裂处和斜坡生境）鱿鱼以包括大量沿海中上层鱼类在内的更广泛的鱼类组合为食（太平洋鲱鱼和北方鲱鱼，以及北方沃茨的奥斯梅鱼和鲑鱼）和底层鱼（太平洋鳕鱼，几种岩鱼和比目鱼）。我们提出了一个季节性的运动模式，根据大小和成熟度分布沿着与质量模式的存在或不存在，并讨论了在空间和时间的运动和分布的巨型鱿鱼的相关性。我们发现，巨型鱿鱼是一个多面手的捕食者，它主要以小型，远洋或中层micronekton，但也对较大的鱼类时，他们可用。我们还得出结论，与生态系统的相互作用和对生态系统的潜在影响可能会随着空间和时间的变化而变化，以响应鱿鱼本身的季节性运动模式和高度可变的年度丰度。爱思唯尔有限公司出版
From 2002 to 2010, the jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) has been regularly encountered in large numbers throughout the California Current System (CCS). This species, usually found in subtropical waters, could affect coastal pelagic ecosystems and fisheries as both predator and prey. Neither the abundance of jumbo squid nor the optimal ocean conditions in which they flourish are well known. To understand better the potential impacts of this species on both commercial fisheries and on food-web structure we collected nearly 900 specimens from waters of the CCS, covering over 20 degrees of latitude, over a range of depths and seasons. We used demographic information (size, sex, and maturity state) and analyzed stomach contents using morphological and molecular methods to best understand the foraging ecology of this species in different habitats of the CCS. Squid were found to consume a broad array of prey. Prey in offshore waters generally reflected the forage base reported in previous studies (mainly mesopelagic fishes and squids), whereas in more coastal waters (shelf, shelf break and slope habitats) squid foraged on a much broader mix that included substantial numbers of coastal pelagic fishes (Pacific herring and northern anchovy, as well as osmerids and salmonids in northern waters) and groundfish (Pacific hake, several species of rockfish and flatfish). We propose a seasonal movement pattern, based on size and maturity distributions along with qualitative patterns of presence or absence, and discuss the relevance of both the movement and distribution of jumbo squid over space and time. We find that jumbo squid are a generalist predator, which feeds primarily on small, pelagic or mesopelagic micronekton but also on larger fishes when they are available. We also conclude that interactions with and potential impacts on ecosystems likely vary over space and time, in response to both seasonal movement patterns and highly variable year-to-year abundance of the squid themselves. Published by Elsevier Ltd.