Preterm births
Preterm births
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早产
DOI：
10.1093/med/9780198794684.003.0029
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Lissauer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Moxon;Samantha Sadoo;T. Lissauer
本章突出强调了早产日益加重的负担和重要性。早产的直接并发症现在是新生儿和五岁以下儿童死亡的主要原因。幸存者患神经发育障碍的风险也更高。从优化早产和妊娠护理到早产婴儿的产后护理，可以通过在整个护理过程中采取有针对性的临床干预措施来减少与早产有关的死亡率和发病率。预防早产是复杂的，有一些干预措施可用，但效果有限。随着对小病新生儿干预措施的普遍覆盖，估计84%的死亡是可以预防的，但这需要对熟练人员和强大的技术进行更多投资。在扩大对小病新生儿的住院护理时，改善结局的测量、预防/管理损害的后续行动以及家庭支持都是至关重要的。
This chapter highlights the increasing burden and significance of preterm births. Direct complications of preterm birth are now the leading cause of mortality in neonates and children under five. There is also a higher risk of neurodevelopmental impairment in survivors. Preterm birth related mortality and morbidity can be reduced through clinical interventions targeted across the continuum of care, from optimising preconception and pregnancy care, to postnatal care of a premature baby. Prevention of prematurity is complex, with some interventions available but with limited impact. With universal coverage of interventions for small and sick newborns, an estimated 84% of deaths could be prevented, but this requires more investment in skilled personnel and robust technology. When scaling up inpatient care for small and sick newborns, improved measurement of outcomes, follow-up to prevent/manage impairment, and family support are all vital.