Gender differences in ethanol preference and ingestion in rats - The role of the gonadal steroid environment
Gender differences in ethanol preference and ingestion in rats - The role of the gonadal steroid environment
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DOI：
10.1172/jci1198
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发表时间：
1998-06-15
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
Patchev, VK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Almeida, OFX;Shoaib, M;Patchev, VK
乙醇口服自我给药范式表明，大鼠在酒精偏好上存在性别差异：虽然雄性和雌性开始饮酒的速度相似，但雌性大鼠在更长的时间内保持了对酒精的偏好。新生的雌性雌激素化有效地赋予了遗传女性大脑中的男性表型，导致了与完整雄性大鼠相似的饮酒模式，这表明饮酒模式的性别差异可能至少部分是由大脑的性别分化造成的。为了测试性腺类固醇是否也对寻求酒精的行为起到激活作用，我们还研究了单独切除性腺或与性腺类固醇替代疗法联合使用的效果。去势对雄性大鼠的乙醇摄入量无明显影响，但双氢睾酮对去势大鼠的乙醇摄入量有明显的抑制作用。与正常雌性大鼠相比，去卵巢雌性大鼠接受雌二醇(E-2)和去卵巢雌性大鼠联合应用E-2和孕酮替代治疗后，乙醇摄入量显著减少。然而，去卵巢的大鼠无论是卵巢切除还是黄体酮替代都不会导致饮酒模式与正常雌性对照组不同。因此，双氢睾酮和E-2似乎分别对雄性和雌性大鼠的乙醇偏好产生了调制影响，但需要进一步的研究来确定这些影响在多大程度上是大脑激活的结果。
An ethanol oral self administration paradigm showed the existence of gender differences in alcohol preference in rats: whereas males and females initiated alcohol drinking at similar rates, females maintained their preference for ethanol over a longer duration. Neonatal estrogenization of females, which effectively confers a male phenotype on a genetically female brain, resulted in patterns of drinking that were similar to those displayed by intact male rats, indicating that gender differences in alcohol drinking patterns may be, at least partially, accounted for by sexual differentiation of the brain. To test whether gonadal steroids also exert activational effects on ethanol-seeking behavior, we also examined the effects of gonadectomy alone, or in combination with gonadal steroid replacement therapy. Castration did not significantly alter ethanol consumption in males, although treatment of castrated rats with dihydrotestosterone resulted in a significant inhibition of this parameter, As compared with the situation in intact female rats, ethanol ingestion was significantly reduced in ovariectomized female rats receiving estradiol (E-2) and in ovariectomized female rats receiving combined E-2 and progesterone replacement therapy. However, neither ovariectomy nor progesterone replacement in ovariectomized rats resulted in ethanol drinking patterns that were different compared to those observed in intact female controls. Thus, dihydrotestosterone and E-2, respectively, appear to exert modulatory influences on the male and female rats' preference for ethanol, but further investigations are necessary to determine to what extent these effects result from activational actions on the brain.