Is more always better? Exploring field survey and social media indicators of quality of urban greenspace, in relation to health
Is more always better? Exploring field survey and social media indicators of quality of urban greenspace, in relation to health
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ufug.2019.01.015
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Maheswaran, Ravi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brindley, Paul;Cameron, Ross W.;Maheswaran, Ravi
尽管越来越多的研究探索绿色空间的健康益处，但大多数研究都将绿色空间视为同质的。仍然需要关注绿地的“质量”而不是数量。质量可能是绿地内使用和体验的重要决定因素，因此可能会影响从该使用中获得的健康和福祉效益。这项小区域生态研究是在英国谢菲尔德市进行的。健康数据取自 2011 年英国人口普查中的一般健康问题。绿地质量是通过谢菲尔德市议会的实地调查和社交媒体（来自 Flickr 和 Twitter）的一系列措施来衡量的。探讨了从社交媒体提取的质量指标与实地调查的质量指标的可比性，以调查它们是否可以代表质量，从而否定资源密集型实地调查的要求。然而，来自社交媒体的潜在绿地质量指标与详细实地调查的质量指标的相关性较低。在探索与绿地质量相关的健康水平时，在调整了潜在的混杂因素后，我们发现，在清洁度方面质量较低的绿地与自我报告的健康状况不佳的患病率较高有关。与清洁度最高的五分之一相比，清洁度最低的五分之一的健康状况不佳患病率为 1.09 (95% CI 1.00-1.18)。我们几乎没有发现社交媒体质量指标与健康状况不佳之间存在关联的证据。我们的工作表明，绿地的清洁度可能会对周围居民的健康产生不利影响。虽然其确切机制尚不清楚，但有人认为，缺乏清洁会产生不适和不安全感，阻碍绿地的使用，并抑制与使用相关的潜在健康和福祉效益的累积。这对于绿地的提供和管理具有重要意义。
Despite the growing body of research exploring health benefits of greenspace, most studies treat greenspace as homogenous. There remains a need to focus on 'quality' rather than quantity of greenspace. Quality may be a substantial determinant for use and experience within greenspaces and therefore may influence health and wellbeing benefits derived from that use. This small-area level ecological study was undertaken within the city of Sheffield, UK. Health data were drawn from the general health question within the 2011 UK Census. Greenspace quality was measured using field surveys by Sheffield City Council and a range of measures from social media (from Flickr and Twitter). The extent to which quality measures extracted from social media were comparable to those from field surveys was explored to investigate whether they could proxy quality thus negating the requirement for resource intensive field surveys. The potential greenspace quality proxies from social media, however, showed low levels of correlation with quality measures from detailed field surveys. In exploring levels of health associated with greenspace quality - after adjustment for potential confounders - we found that greenspaces with lower quality, in terms of cleanliness, were associated with higher prevalence of self-reported poor health. The prevalence ratio of poor health for the quintile with the lowest cleanliness was 1.09 (95% CI 1.00-1.18), compared against the quintile with the highest cleanliness. We found little evidence of association between social media indicators of quality and poor health. Our work indicates that cleanliness of greenspace may affect adversely the health of surrounding residents. Whilst the precise mechanism for this is not yet known it is suggested that lack of cleanliness produces feelings of discomfort and insecurity, discouraging greenspace usage and inhibiting accrual of potential health and well-being benefits associated with that usage. This has important implications for greenspace provision and management.