Ferritin protein nanocages-the story.
Ferritin protein nanocages-the story.
复制标题
DOI：
10.4024/n03th12a.ntp.08.01
复制
发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Theil EC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Theil EC
铁蛋白是一个大的（10-12 nm直径），自组装，蛋白质笼的家庭，可逆地合成Fe 2 O3·H2O与多达4500个铁原子在一个中心腔，65或270 nm 3;蛋白质笼没有矿物质有时被称为脱铁铁蛋白。Fe 2 O3·H2O的合成依赖于控制Fe 2+通过四个或八个离子通道进入，定向转运到多个Fe 2 +/O氧化还原酶在真核生物铁蛋白的情况下，通过将活性位点连接到矿物生长腔的通道引导成核和挤出;二铁氧代催化产物通过成核/挤压通道允许真核生物铁蛋白蛋白笼影响大量矿物质中的有序性。铁蛋白Fe 2+离子通道还控制还原，溶解，和铁离子从铁蛋白笼胞质表面上的具有门控孔的矿物质中排出。铁蛋白存在于厌氧和需氧生物中，从古细菌和细菌到高等植物和动物，铁蛋白是生命所必需的。它们为蛋白质辅因子合成提供代谢铁浓缩物，并在应激后提供抗氧化活性。铁蛋白纳米笼的当前应用包括释放到血清中的痕量的临床测量、浓缩铁的营养源、纳米材料模板、纳米传感器的生物递送和纳米催化剂。未来的应用可以利用铁蛋白中的成核/挤出通道和其他金属蛋白位点。
Ferritins are a family of large (10–12 nm diameter), self-assembled, protein cages that reversibly synthesize Fe2O3•H2O with up to 4500 iron atoms in a central cavity, 65 or 270 nm3; the protein cages without mineral are sometimes called apoferritin. Fe2O3•H2O synthesis depends on controlled Fe2+ entry though four or eight ion channels, directed transport to multiple Fe2+/O oxidoreductase (“ferroxidase”) sites and, in the case of eukaryotic ferritins, guided nucleation and extrusion through channels connecting the active sites to the mineral growth cavity; passage of the diferric oxo catalytic products through the nucleation/extrusion channels allows the eukaryotic ferritin protein cage to influence order in the bulk mineral. Ferritin Fe2+ion channels also control reduction, dissolution, and exit of Fe2+ from the mineral with gated pores on the cytoplasmic surface of ferritin cages. Found in anaerobic and aerobic organisms, from archaea and bacteria to higher plants and animals, ferritins are required for life. They provide metabolic iron concentrates for protein cofactor synthesis, and antioxidant activity after stress. Current applications of ferritin nanocages include clinical measurements of trace amounts released into serum, nutritional sources of concentrated iron, nanomaterial templates, biological delivery of nanosensors, and nanocatalysts. Future applications can exploit the nucleation/ extrusion channels and other metal-protein sites in ferritins.