The categorization of the relative complementizer phrase in third-language English: A feature re-assembly account
The categorization of the relative complementizer phrase in third-language English: A feature re-assembly account
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第三语言英语中相对补语短语的分类：特征重组帐户
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
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通讯作者：
A. Hermas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Hermas
研究问题：本研究考虑了（1）第三语言（L3）英语的前中间阶段多语言迁移的性质，以及（2）L3最终达到的关于获得明确和不明确限制性关系从句的上限。方法：所使用的方法是测试（非）语法相关句子的四点量表可接受性判断任务。数据和分析：将法语（n = 15）和英语（n = 12）母语人士的两组对照组以及三语英语成人学习者的两组初中级（n = 11）和高级（n = 15）的准确性分数提交给参数统计分析。研究结果：预中级 L3 学习者的结果表明，相对补足词短语结构可作为早期阶段的一个块，而补足词的特征矩阵是第一语言 (L1) 阿拉伯语和第二语言 (L2) 法语特征的混合 [EPP，±definite，-wh]。此阶段的三语中介语同时呈现出一语非促进性和二语促进性迁移效应。高级 L3 学习者的表现表明，他们可以成功地重新组装补足矩阵的特征，用目标 [–wh] 替换本机 [±definite]。原创性：本文使用新颖的语言三元组L1阿拉伯语-L2法语-L3英语来研究正式外语环境中限制性亲属的L3习得。重点是中心名词的（不）定性和补足词的性质之间的相互作用。意义/启示：该研究将 Lardiere 的 L2 习得特征重组描述的可行性扩展到了 L3 习得。关系从句中心名词的（不）定性需要在语言教学中得到足够的重视，就像备受关注的“恢复”方面一样。
Research questions: The study considers (1) the nature of multilingual transfer in the pre-intermediate stage of third-language (L3) English and (2) the upper limit of L3 ultimate attainment with respect to the acquisition of definite and indefinite restrictive relative clauses. Methodology: The methodology used was four-point scale acceptability judgment tasks testing (un)-grammatical relative sentences. Data and analysis: The accuracy scores of two control groups of French (n = 15) and English (n = 12) natives and two groups of pre-intermediate (n = 11) and advanced (n = 15) adult learners of L3 English are submitted to parametric statistical analysis. Findings: The results of the pre-intermediate L3 learners indicate that the relative complementizer phrase structure is available as a block from the earlier stages, while the feature matrix of the complementizer is a hybrid of first-language (L1) Arabic and second-language (L2) French features [EPP, ±definite, –wh]. The L3 interlanguage at this stage presents simultaneous L1 non-facilitative and L2 facilitative transfer effects. The performance of the advanced L3 learners shows that they can successfully re-assemble the features of the complementizer matrix substituting the target [–wh] for the native [±definite]. Originality: This article uses a novel language triplet L1 Arabic–L2 French–L3 English to investigate the L3 acquisition of restrictive relatives in a formal foreign language context. The focus is on the interplay between the (in)-definiteness of the head noun and the nature of the complementizer. Significance/implications: The study extends the viability of Lardiere’s feature re-assembly account of L2 acquisition to L3 acquisition. The (in)-definiteness of the head noun of the relative clause needs adequate attention in language teaching, like the much-highlighted aspects of resumption.