Next-generation sequencing in veterinary medicine: how can the massive amount of information arising from high-throughput technologies improve diagnosis, control, and management of infectious diseases?
Next-generation sequencing in veterinary medicine: how can the massive amount of information arising from high-throughput technologies improve diagnosis, control, and management of infectious diseases?
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4939-2004-4_30
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rosseel T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Van Borm S;Belák S;Freimanis G;Fusaro A;Granberg F;Höper D;King DP;Monne I;Orton R;Rosseel T
高通量分子技术和相关生物信息学的发展极大地改变了科学家生产、处理和分析大量基因组、转录组和蛋白质组数据的能力。这种阶跃变化的一个明显例子是现在可以使用下一代测序（NGS）平台产生的DNA序列数据量。类似地，最近蛋白质和肽分离效率的改进和高度精确的质谱法促进了给定样品中蛋白质的鉴定和定量。生物技术的这些进步越来越多地应用于动物传染病的研究，并开始彻底改变在分子水平上研究生物和进化过程的方式。研究已经证明了NGS技术在分子表征方面的价值，从未知病原体或微生物群落的宏基因组表征到病毒准种的分子流行病学和进化。此外，高通量技术现在允许在其基因组（基因组学），转录组（转录组学）或蛋白质组（蛋白质组学）水平上详细研究宿主-病原体相互作用。最终，病原体和宿主生物网络之间的相互作用可以通过分析整合这些水平（综合OMICS和系统生物学）来质疑。高通量生物技术平台在这些领域中的应用及其典型的低成本信息内容已经彻底改变了这些过程现在可以研究的分辨率。本章的目的是提供一个当前和前瞻性的观点与大规模并行测序技术应用于兽医学的机遇和挑战，特别是对疾病控制和管理有潜在影响的应用程序的重点。
The development of high-throughput molecular technologies and associated bioinformatics has dramatically changed the capacities of scientists to produce, handle, and analyze large amounts of genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data. A clear example of this step-change is represented by the amount of DNA sequence data that can be now produced using next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms. Similarly, recent improvements in protein and peptide separation efficiencies and highly accurate mass spectrometry have promoted the identification and quantification of proteins in a given sample. These advancements in biotechnology have increasingly been applied to the study of animal infectious diseases and are beginning to revolutionize the way that biological and evolutionary processes can be studied at the molecular level. Studies have demonstrated the value of NGS technologies for molecular characterization, ranging from metagenomic characterization of unknown pathogens or microbial communities to molecular epidemiology and evolution of viral quasispecies. Moreover, high-throughput technologies now allow detailed studies of host-pathogen interactions at the level of their genomes (genomics), transcriptomes (transcriptomics), or proteomes (proteomics). Ultimately, the interaction between pathogen and host biological networks can be questioned by analytically integrating these levels (integrative OMICS and systems biology). The application of high-throughput biotechnology platforms in these fields and their typical low-cost per information content has revolutionized the resolution with which these processes can now be studied. The aim of this chapter is to provide a current and prospective view on the opportunities and challenges associated with the application of massive parallel sequencing technologies to veterinary medicine, with particular focus on applications that have a potential impact on disease control and management.