Recovery of dopaminergic system after cocaine exposure and impact of a long-acting cocaine hydrolase.

Recovery of dopaminergic system after cocaine exposure and impact of a long-acting cocaine hydrolase.
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可卡因暴露后多巴胺能系统的恢复和长效可卡因水解酶的影响。

DOI:
10.1111/adb.13179
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发表时间:
2022-07
期刊:
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学2区
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--
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多巴胺能系统内多巴胺转运蛋白(DAT)的失调是可卡因暴露的重要生物标志物。根据摄入的可卡因量,与正常DAT分布(约5.7%在质膜上)相比,大鼠中的一次性暴露可导致大部分(>95%的总量)DAT易位至多巴胺能神经元的质膜。在没有进一步可卡因暴露的情况下,纹状体DAT分布的时间过程,就DAT的细胞内和质膜部分而言,代表多巴胺能系统的恢复过程。在这项研究中,我们证明了在急性接触20 mg/kg(i. p.)可卡因后,大鼠从第1天到第15天的初始恢复过程相对较快(从第1天的>95%到第15天的~35.4%)。然而,纹状体DAT分布的完全恢复可能需要约60天。在另一种情况下,每隔一天重复暴露可卡因一次,共17次剂量的20 mg/kg可卡因(i. p.)从第0天到第32天,纹状体DAT分布的完全恢复可能需要甚至更长的时间(约90天),这代表了长期使用可卡因的结果。此外,我们证明了一种高效的Fc融合可卡因水解酶,CocH 5-Fc(M6),通过维持大鼠血浆CocH 5-Fc(M6)浓度≥58.7 ± 2.9 nM,有效阻断可卡因诱导的活动过度和重复暴露可卡因的DAT运输。可卡因水解酶保护多巴胺能系统,并通过防止多巴胺能系统受到可卡因的进一步损害来帮助可卡因改变的DAT分布恢复。
Dysregulation of dopamine transporters (DAT) within the dopaminergic system is an important biomarker of cocaine exposure. Depending on cocaine amount in-taken, one-time exposure in rats could lead to most (>95% of total) of DAT translocating to plasma membrane of the dopaminergic neurons compared to normal DAT distribution (~5.7% on the plasma membrane). Without further cocaine exposure, the time course of striatal DAT distribution, in terms of intracellular and plasma membrane fractions of DAT, represents a recovery process of the dopaminergic system. In this study we demonstrated that after an acute cocaine exposure of 20 mg/kg (i.p.), the initial recovery process from days 1 to 15 in rats was relatively faster (from >95% on day 1 to ~35.4% on day 15). However, complete recovery of the striatal DAT distribution may take about 60 days. In another situation, with repeated cocaine exposures for once every other day for a total of 17 doses of 20 mg/kg cocaine (i.p.) from days 0 to 32, the complete recovery of striatal DAT distribution may take an even longer time (about 90 days), which represents a consequence of chronic cocaine use. Further, we demonstrated that a highly efficient Fc-fused cocaine hydrolase, CocH5-Fc(M6), effectively blocked cocaine-induced hyperactivity and DAT trafficking with repeated cocaine exposures by maintaining a plasma CocH5-Fc(M6) concentration ≥58.7 ± 2.9 nM in rats. The cocaine hydrolase protected dopaminergic system and helped the cocaine-altered DAT distribution to recover by preventing the dopaminergic system from further damage by cocaine.
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发表时间: 2022-01
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