Patterns of communication in old age: The dependence-support and independence-ignore script
Patterns of communication in old age: The dependence-support and independence-ignore script
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DOI：
10.1207/s15327027hc0803_3
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发表时间：
1996-01-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Wahl, HW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baltes, MM;Wahl, HW
迄今为止，大多数关于老年人交流和互动模式的研究都是基于语言和话语分析。本文旨在对交互模式进行行为分析。一系列的实证研究，旨在为收敛操作，以阐明老年人的社会世界的作用支持两种互动模式，依赖支持脚本加上独立忽略脚本。老年人的社会世界可以被描述为一个他们的依赖行为被立即关注，而独立行为被广泛忽视的世界。这在个人维护情况下尤其如此，尽管它也存在于亲社会参与情况中。这些脚本在各种环境（机构和私人住所）、老年人的社会伙伴（工作人员、家庭成员）、性别、机构长度和健康状况方面都非常强大，但有年龄特异性。改变脚本的尝试被证明是成功的，并导致老年参与者的自主功能显着增加。这些研究结果与老年人的沟通研究的影响进行了讨论。
Most research to date on communication and interaction patterns in aging is based on linguistic and discourse analyses. This article is aimed at the behavioral analysis of interaction patterns. A series of empirical studies designed as convergent operations to elucidate the role of the social world of older people support two interaction patterns, the dependence-support script coupled with an independence-ignore script. The social world of older people can be characterized as one in which their dependent behaviors are immediately attended to, while independent behaviors are widely ignored. This is particularly so in personal maintenance situations, although it is also present in prosocial engagement situations. The scripts are highly robust across settings (institutional and private dwellings), social partners of older people (staff, family members), sex, length of institutionalization, and health status, but are age specific. Attempts to change the scripts proved successful and led to a significant increase in autonomous functioning on the part of older participants. Implications of these findings for communication research with older people in general are discussed.