Increases in Secondhand Smoke After Going Smoke-Free: An Assessment of the Impact of a Mandated Smoke-Free Housing Policy
Increases in Secondhand Smoke After Going Smoke-Free: An Assessment of the Impact of a Mandated Smoke-Free Housing Policy
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DOI：
10.1093/ntr/ntaa040
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发表时间：
2020-12-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Grucza, Richard A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Plunk, Andrew D.;Rees, Vaughan W.;Grucza, Richard A.
目标：使用环境二手烟 (SHS) 的两个指标：空气中的尼古丁和 2.5 微米阈值的颗粒物 (PM2.5) 来评估联邦强制无烟住房 (SFH) 政策采用（2018 年 7 月）的 12 个月影响。方法：我们从 2017 年 12 月至 2018 年 12 月在弗吉尼亚州诺福克市的六栋联邦补贴的多单元公共住房中测量了 SHS 指标建筑物。使用多级回归对以下比较进行建模：(1) SFH 实施前一个月与实施后一个月，以及 (2) 2017 年 12 月与 2018 年 12 月相比。 结果：与采用前一个月相比，采用 SFH 后第一个月室内 PM2.5 降低了 27%，空气中尼古丁降低了 32%。然而，12 个月后，PM2.5 增加了 33%，空气中的尼古丁增加了 25%。 结论：美国住房和城市发展部 (HUD) 规定的 SFH 可以减少多单元住房中的 SHS。然而，SFH 也有可能增加室内吸烟。个别物业或住房当局采取的政策方法（例如，全物业禁止吸烟与允许指定吸烟区）可能会导致这种潜在的意外后果。
Objective: The 12-month impact of federally mandated smoke-free housing (SFH) policy adoption (July 2018) was assessed using two markers of ambient secondhand smoke (SHS): airborne nicotine and particulate matter at the 2.5-micrometer threshold (PM2.5).Methods: We measured markers of SHS in Norfolk, VA from December 2017 to December 2018 in six federally subsidized multi-unit public housing buildings. Multi-level regression was used to model the following comparisons: (1) the month immediately before SFH implementation versus the month immediately after, and (2) December 2017 versus December 2018.Results: There was a 27% reduction in indoor PM2.5 and a 32% reduction in airborne nicotine in the first month after SFH adoption, compared to the month prior to adoption. However, there was a 33% increase in PM2.5 and a 25% increase in airborne nicotine after 12 months.Conclusions: US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)-mandated SFH can reduce SHS in multi-unit housing. However, SFH could also plausibly increase indoor smoking. Policy approaches adopted by individual properties or housing authorities-for example, property-wide bans versus allowing designated smoking areas-could be driving this potential unintended consequence.