A rule analysis of judgments of covariation between events
A rule analysis of judgments of covariation between events
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事件间协变判断的规则分析
作者：
H. Shaklee;D. Tucker
提出了几种策略作为判断事件间协变的基础。协变问题的结构是这样的，正确和不正确的判断模式将索引的判断规则正在使用的一个给定的主题。在两个实验中，10年级或大学受试者观看了一组协变问题，每个问题都由一组观察结果组成，其中两个事件中的每一个都被定义为存在或不存在。要求受试者识别事件之间的关系。被试的反应模式表明，模态策略是比较确认和不确认事件的频率来定义关系。响应准确性受到协变概念预训练和响应格式的影响。对观察结果进行排序的说明并不影响判断的准确性。
Several strategies are proposed as bases for judgments of covariation between events. Covariation problems were structured in such a way that patterns of correct and incorrect judgments would index the judgment rule being used by a given subject. In two experiments, 10th-grade or college subjects viewed a set of covariation problems, each of which consisted of a set of observations in which each of two events was defined as present or absent. Subjects were asked to identify the relationship between the events. Subjects’ response patterns suggested that the modal strategy was to compare frequency of confirming and disconfirming events in defining the relationship. Response accuracy was influenced by pretraining on the concept of covariation and by response format. Instructions to sort the observations did not influence judgment accuracy.