Pathways linking adverse environments to emerging adults' substance abuse and depressive symptoms: A prospective analysis of rural African American men.
Pathways linking adverse environments to emerging adults' substance abuse and depressive symptoms: A prospective analysis of rural African American men.
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将不良环境与新兴成年人药物滥用和抑郁症状联系起来的途径：对农村非裔美国男性的前瞻性分析。
DOI：
10.1017/s0954579420000632
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发表时间：
2021-10
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Nishitani S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kogan SM;Bae D;Cho J;Smith AK;Nishitani S
对于非洲裔美国新兴的成年男性，发展的挑战是显而易见的，他们不断升级的药物滥用和抑郁症状，这是特别真实的男性从低资源社区。本研究测试了一个发展模型，该模型将儿童期逆境和同期环境压力源与新兴成年人物质使用和抑郁症状的增加联系起来，间接地通过防御/敌对关系图式和社会发展风险因素（例如，危险的同龄人和浪漫的伴侣，缺乏对学校或工作的参与）。我们还提出了关于催产素受体基因（OXTR）中的DNA甲基化作为压力对关系图式影响的调节剂的探索性假设。假设进行了测试，从505农村非洲裔美国人的年龄在19-25岁的三波数据。不良的童年经历预测暴露于新兴的成人环境压力。背景压力预测增加防御/敌对关系图式，增加社会发展的风险因素。社会发展危险因素近端预测增加物质滥用和抑郁症状。OXTR DNA甲基化调节防御/敌对关系图式的背景压力的影响。研究结果表明，早期暴露于压力结转影响社会发展风险因素的发展，在新兴的成年，这使农村非洲裔美国人的风险增加药物滥用和抑郁症状在新兴的成年年。
For African American emerging adult men, developmental challenges are evident in their escalating substance abuse and depressive symptoms; this is particularly true for men from low-resource communities. The present study tests a developmental model linking childhood adversity and contemporaneous contextual stressors to increases in emerging adults’ substance use and depressive symptoms, indirectly, via increases in defensive/hostile relational schemas and social developmental risk factors (e.g., risky peers and romantic partners, lack of involvement in school or work). We also advance exploratory hypotheses regarding DNA methylation in the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) as a moderator of the effects of stress on relational schemas. Hypotheses were tested with three waves of data from 505 rural African American men aged 19–25 years. Adverse childhood experiences predicted exposure to emerging adult contextual stressors. Contextual stressors forecast increases in defensive/hostile relational schemas, which increased social developmental risk factors. Social developmental risk factors proximally predicted increases in substance abuse and depressive symptoms. OXTR DNA methylation moderated the effects of contextual stressors on defensive/hostile relational schemas. Findings suggest that early exposures to stress carry forward to affect the development of social developmental risk factors in emerging adulthood, which place rural African American men at risk for increased substance abuse and depressive symptoms during the emerging adult years.