Does low birth weight share common genetic or environmental risk with childhood disruptive disorders?
Does low birth weight share common genetic or environmental risk with childhood disruptive disorders?
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DOI：
10.1037/a0033079
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发表时间：
2013-08
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Waldman ID
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ficks CA;Lahey BB;Waldman ID
尽管过去一个世纪新生儿护理的进步使得高危分娩（包括低出生体重婴儿）的存活率提高，但我们对于这一人群的心理状况结果仍有很多需要了解的地方。特别是，尽管似乎有越来越多的证据表明低出生体重可能与儿童期注意缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）症状的风险增加有关，但很少有研究将出生体重作为与ADHD常见共病的破坏性行为障碍（例如对立违抗障碍（ODD）或品行障碍（CD））的风险因素进行研究。此外，出生体重与这些障碍之间关系的病因尚不清楚。当前的研究旨在通过在两个独立的双胞胎样本（样本1：N = 1676人；样本2：N = 4038人）中检验家庭间（使用带有广义估计方程的广义线性模型）以及家庭内（使用线性回归）出生体重与破坏性行为障碍症状之间的表型关联，在潜在混杂的遗传和环境影响的背景下更好地理解出生体重在破坏性行为障碍中的假定作用。我们发现出生体重与几个儿童期破坏性行为障碍症状维度之间存在负相关，包括两个样本中的注意力不集中、多动 - 冲动以及广泛的外化症状。然而，这些关联的总体程度非常小，对这些症状维度的方差贡献不到1%。出生体重与破坏性行为障碍症状之间的家庭内关联在同卵双胞胎和异卵双胞胎对之间没有差异，这表明非共享环境影响而非共同遗传影响是这些关联的原因。出生体重与破坏性行为障碍症状之间这些虽然微弱但一致的关联表明，至少在一般人群中，低出生体重并不是这些症状发展的主要风险因素。
Although advances in neonatal care over the past century have resulted in increased rates of survival among at-risk births, including infants with low birth weight, we have much to learn about the psychological outcomes in this population. In particular, although it appears that there is growing evidence that low birth weight may be associated with an increased risk for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) symptoms in childhood, few studies have examined birth weight as a risk factor for disruptive disorders that commonly co-occur with ADHD [e.g. Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) or Conduct Disorder (CD)]. In addition, the etiology of the relation between birth weight and these disorders is unknown. The current investigation aimed to better understand the putative role of birth weight in disruptive behavior disorders in the context of potentially confounding genetic and environmental influences by examining phenotypic associations between birth weight and disruptive disorder symptoms across families (using generalized linear models with generalized estimating equations) as well as within families (using linear regression) in two independent twin samples (Sample 1: N = 1676 individuals; Sample 2: N = 4038 individuals). We found negative associations between birth weight and several childhood disruptive disorder symptom dimensions, including inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive, and broad externalizing symptoms in both samples. Nonetheless, the overall magnitude of these associations was very small, contributing to less than 1% of the variance in these symptom dimensions. Within-family associations between birth weight and disruptive disorder symptoms did not differ for monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs, suggesting that nonshared environmental influences rather than common genetic influences are responsible for these associations. These consistent albeit weak associations between birth weight and disruptive disorder symptoms suggest that, at least in the general population, low birth weight does not represent a major risk factor in the development of these symptoms.