Previous exposure mediates the response of eelgrass to future warming via clonal transgenerational plasticity
Previous exposure mediates the response of eelgrass to future warming via clonal transgenerational plasticity
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DOI：
10.1002/ecy.3169
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发表时间：
2020-10-15
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Stachowicz, John J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DuBois, Katherine;Williams, Susan L.;Stachowicz, John J.
死亡率和物种分布的变化是极端气候事件最明显的后果之一。然而，极端事件的亚致死效应可通过代内和跨代表型可塑性，在个人一生中并对后代产生持续影响。这些变化可以赋予复原力或增加对随后压力事件的敏感性，对人口，社区和潜在的生态系统过程产生影响。在这里，我们展示了一个模拟的极端变暖事件如何导致持续变化的形态和生长的基础物种（鳗草，大叶藻）跨多个克隆代和多年。以前的父母暴露于变暖的影响增加地上生物量，芽长，地上地下生物量的比例，同时也大大降低了叶片的生长速率。地上-地下生物量比率的长期增加可能表明对温暖气候的适应性克隆代际反应，减少了地下生物量呼吸增加的负担。这些跨代的反应可能脱钩克隆亲本供应的克隆后代的根茎大小是标准化的种植和根茎淀粉储备不受变暖处理。未来的调查潜在的表观遗传机制的基础上，这种克隆跨代可塑性将是必要的，以了解无性繁殖的基础物种反复极端气候事件的弹性。
Mortality and shifts in species distributions are among the most obvious consequences of extreme climatic events. However, the sublethal effects of an extreme event can have persistent impacts throughout an individual's lifetime and into future generations via within-generation and transgenerational phenotypic plasticity. These changes can either confer resilience or increase susceptibility to subsequent stressful events, with impacts on population, community, and potentially ecosystem processes. Here, we show how a simulated extreme warming event causes persistent changes in the morphology and growth of a foundation species (eelgrass,Zostera marina) across multiple clonal generations and multiple years. The effect of previous parental exposure to warming increased aboveground biomass, shoot length, and aboveground-belowground biomass ratios while also greatly decreasing leaf growth rates. Long-term increases in aboveground-belowground biomass ratios could indicate an adaptive clonal transgenerational response to warmer climates that reduces the burden of increased respiration in belowground biomass. These transgenerational responses were likely decoupled from clonal parent provisioning as rhizome size of clonal offspring was standardized at planting and rhizome starch reserves were not impacted by warming treatments. Future investigations into potential epigenetic mechanisms underpinning such clonal transgenerational plasticity will be necessary to understand the resilience of asexual foundation species to repeated extreme climatic events.