The ideal hydrodynamic form of the concavo‐convex productide brachiopod shell
The ideal hydrodynamic form of the concavo‐convex productide brachiopod shell
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腕足壳凹凸产品的理想流体动力学形式
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发表时间：
2011
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通讯作者：
Yutaro Suzuki
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作者：
Y. Shiino;Yutaro Suzuki
Shiino，Y & Suzuki，Y. 2011年：理想的流体动力学形式的凹凸productide腕足动物壳。Lethaia，Vol. 44，pp. 329-343.
水槽实验进行，以确定是否凹凸二叠纪腕足类Waagenoconchaerecta是水动力学适应的喂养。通过实验观察了瓣膜内被动电流的产生。使用四个透明的，中空的多面体模型，每个不同的一个单一的形态特征，允许观察阀内的电流，并允许评估耳朵和突出的膝状体的痕迹的流体动力学意义。无论周围气流的方向如何，只有近似模仿模型产生了一个稳定的流型，包括从耳部张口的吸气和从前尾张口的呼气;缺乏这些形态特征或变化较小的模型未能产生稳定的流型。稳定的流动模式可能是通过后下耳口（最大压力）和前尾口（最小压力）之间的压力差来维持的。值得注意的是，双向旋转的内部电流形成平行的臂脊，这种流动模式将有利于捕获的食物颗粒的动物通过触角上的lophophophore，这是最有可能位于臂脊。我们的研究结果表明，不动腕足动物W。贝氏蛤是一种不能大幅度打开瓣膜的动物，可能是以其壳状结构产生的被动内流为食。从流体动力学的角度来看，这种独特的瓣膜形态似乎完全适应。□生物力学，生态形态学，进化，形态差异，Productidina，悬浮饲养员。
Shiino, Y & Suzuki, Y. 2011: The ideal hydrodynamic form of the concavo-convex productide brachiopod shell. Lethaia, Vol. 44, pp. 329–343.
Water-flume experiments were performed to determine whether the concavo-convex Permian brachiopod Waagenoconcha imperfecta was hydrodynamically adapted for feeding. The generation of passive currents inside the valves was observed experimentally. The use of four transparent, hollow polyhedron models, each differing in a single morphological feature, permitted observation of the currents inside the valves and allowed evaluation of the hydrodynamic significance of the ears and the prominent geniculated trail. Regardless of the direction of ambient flow, only the approximate-imitation model generated a stable flow pattern consisting of inhalation from the ear gapes and exhalation from the anterior trail gape; models lacking or with small changes in these morphological features failed to generate stable flow patterns. The stable flow pattern was probably maintained by a pressure difference between the posterior lower ear gapes (maximum pressure) and the anterior trail gape (minimum pressure). Notably, bilaterally rotating internal currents formed parallel to the brachial ridges; such flow patterns would facilitate the capture of food particles by the animal via tentacles on its lophophore, which is most likely were located on the brachial ridges. Our results demonstrate that the immobile brachiopod W. imperfecta, an animal incapable of widely opening its valves, probably fed on the passive internal currents generated by its shell form. This unique valve morphology appears to be perfectly adapted from a hydrodynamic point of view. □Biomechanics, ecomorphology, evolution, morphological disparity, Productidina, suspension feeder.